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    "code": "ACC211",
    "title": "Principles of Accounting I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 211 - Principles of Accounting I (Fall Spring Summer) ACC 211 - Principles of Accounting I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces accounting principles with respect to financial reporting. Demonstrates how decision makers use accounting information for reporting purposes. Focuses on the preparation of accounting information and its use in the operation of organizations, as well as methods of analysis and interpretation of accounting information.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000547",
      "laurelridge-000556"
    ],
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    "id": "laurelridge-000002",
    "code": "ACC212",
    "title": "Principles of Accounting II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 212 - Principles of Accounting II (Fall Spring Summer) ACC 212 - Principles of Accounting II (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces accounting principles with respect to cost and managerial accounting. Focuses on the application of accounting information with respect to product costing, as well as its use within the organization to provide direction and to judge performance.",
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      "ACC211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15040",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000003",
    "code": "ACC215",
    "title": "Computerized Accounting (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 215 - Computerized Accounting (Spring Only) ACC 215 - Computerized Accounting (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces the computer in solving accounting problems. Focuses on operation of computers. Presents the accounting cycle and financial statement preparation in a computerized system and other applications for financial and managerial accounting.",
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      "ACC211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15041",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000004",
    "code": "ACC221",
    "title": "Intermediate Accounting I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 221 - Intermediate Accounting I (Fall Only) ACC 221 - Intermediate Accounting I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Covers accounting principles and theory, including a review of the accounting cycle and accounting for current assets, current liabilities and investments. Introduces various accounting approaches and demonstrates the effect of these approaches on the financial statement users.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACC212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15042",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000005",
    "code": "ACC222",
    "title": "Intermediate Accounting II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 222 - Intermediate Accounting II (Spring Only) ACC 222 - Intermediate Accounting II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Continues accounting principles and theory with emphasis on accounting for fixed assets, intangibles, corporate capital structure, long-term liabilities and investments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACC221"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15043",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000006",
    "code": "ACC231",
    "title": "Cost Accounting I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 231 - Cost Accounting I (Fall Only) ACC 231 - Cost Accounting I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies cost accounting and reporting as applied to job order, process and standard cost accounting systems. Includes cost control and other topics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACC212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15044",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000007",
    "code": "ACC261",
    "title": "Principles of Federal Taxation I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 261 - Principles of Federal Taxation I (Fall Only) ACC 261 - Principles of Federal Taxation I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Presents the study of federal taxation as it relates to individuals and related entities. Includes tax planning, compliance and reporting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15045",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000008",
    "code": "ACC262",
    "title": "Principles of Federal Taxation II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ACC 262 - Principles of Federal Taxation II (Spring Only) ACC 262 - Principles of Federal Taxation II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents the study of federal taxation as it is related to partnerships, corporations and other tax entities. Includes tax planning, compliance and reporting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000556"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15046",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/acc262",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/acc262.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000009",
    "code": "ACC298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "ACC 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) ACC 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) 3 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15047",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000010",
    "code": "ADJ100",
    "title": "Survey of Criminal Justice (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 100 - Survey of Criminal Justice (Fall Spring Summer) ADJ 100 - Survey of Criminal Justice (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents an overview of the United States criminal justice system; introduces the major system components - law enforcement, judiciary, and corrections.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15048",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000011",
    "code": "ADJ105",
    "title": "The Juvenile Justice System (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 105 - The Juvenile Justice System (Fall Only) ADJ 105 - The Juvenile Justice System (Fall Only) 3 cr. Presents the evolution, philosophy, structures and processes of the American juvenile delinquency system; surveys the right of juveniles, dispositional alternatives, rehabilitation methods and current trends.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000528"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15049",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj105.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000012",
    "code": "ADJ110",
    "title": "Introduction to Law Enforcement (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 110 - Introduction to Law Enforcement (Spring Only) ADJ 110 - Introduction to Law Enforcement (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches the principles of organization and administration of law enforcement agencies. Studies the management of line operations, staff and auxiliary services, investigative and juvenile units. Introduces the concept of data processing; examines policies, procedures, rules, and regulations pertaining to crime prevention. Surveys concepts of protection of life and property, detection of offenses, and apprehension of offenders. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15698",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000013",
    "code": "ADJ115",
    "title": "Patrol Procedures (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 115 - Patrol Procedures (Spring Only) ADJ 115 - Patrol Procedures (Spring Only) 3 cr. Describes, instructs and evaluates street-level procedures commonly employed by patrol officers in everyday law enforcement operations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15699",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj115",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj115.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000014",
    "code": "ADJ133",
    "title": "Ethics and the Criminal Justice Professional (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 133 - Ethics and the Criminal Justice Professional (Spring Only) ADJ 133 - Ethics and the Criminal Justice Professional (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines ethical dilemmas pertaining to the criminal justice system, including those in policing, courts and corrections. Focuses on some of the specific ethical choices that must be made by the criminal justice professional.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15731",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj133",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj133.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000015",
    "code": "ADJ134",
    "title": "Collection and Preservation of Physical Evidence (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 134 - Collection and Preservation of Physical Evidence (Fall Only) ADJ 134 - Collection and Preservation of Physical Evidence (Fall Only) 3 cr. Surveys fundamental evidence collection procedures, including recognition, selection, handling, packaging and marking. Examines ways to prevent alteration, contamination, damage and tampering. Emphasizes legal requirements for a continuous chain of possession.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15700",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj134",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj134.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000016",
    "code": "ADJ140",
    "title": "Introduction to Corrections (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 140 - Introduction to Corrections (Spring Only) ADJ 140 - Introduction to Corrections (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses on societal responses to the offender. Traces the evolution of practices based on philosophies of retribution, deterrence and rehabilitation. Reviews contemporary correctional activities and their relationships to other aspects of the criminal justice system.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000528"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15051",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj140",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj140.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000017",
    "code": "ADJ164",
    "title": "Case Studies in Murder/Violent Crime (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 164 - Case Studies in Murder/Violent Crime (Fall Spring Summer) ADJ 164 - Case Studies in Murder/Violent Crime (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces the student to the investigation of murder and other violent crimes by means of classic case studies and to the extent feasible, local case files, includes methodology, strategy and tactics, analysis, relevant law, and future trends. Covers evidentiary techniques and technologies with a primary focus on how critical thinking is applied to serious violent crime.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15052",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj164",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj164.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000018",
    "code": "ADJ198",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "ADJ 198 - Seminar and Project (Fall Only) ADJ 198 - Seminar and Project (Fall Only) 1 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15746",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj198",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj198.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000019",
    "code": "ADJ201",
    "title": "Criminology (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 201 - Criminology (Fall Spring) ADJ 201 - Criminology (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Studies current and historical data pertaining to criminal and other deviant behavior. Examines theories that explain crime and criminal behavior in human society.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000528"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16835",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj201",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj201.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000020",
    "code": "ADJ211",
    "title": "Criminal Law, Evidence and Procedures I (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 211 - Criminal Law, Evidence and Procedures I (Fall Spring) ADJ 211 - Criminal Law, Evidence and Procedures I (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Teaches the elements of proof for major and common crimes and the legal classification of offenses. Studies the kinds, degrees and admissibility of evidence and its presentation in criminal proceedings with emphasis on legal guidelines for methods and techniques of evidence acquisition. Surveys the procedural requirements from arrest to final disposition in the various American court systems with focus on the Virginia jurisdiction. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15742",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj211",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000021",
    "code": "ADJ212",
    "title": "Criminal Law, Evidence and Procedures II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 212 - Criminal Law, Evidence and Procedures II (Spring Only) ADJ 212 - Criminal Law, Evidence and Procedures II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches the elements of proof for major and common crimes and the legal classification of offenses. Studies the kinds, degrees and admissibility of evidence and its presentation in criminal proceedings with emphasis on legal guidelines for methods and techniques of evidence acquisition. Surveys the procedural requirements from arrest to final disposition in the various American court systems with focus on the Virginia jurisdiction. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15743",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj212",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj212.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000022",
    "code": "ADJ229",
    "title": "Community Policing in Modern Society (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 229 - Community Policing in Modern Society (Fall Only) ADJ 229 - Community Policing in Modern Society (Fall Only) 3 cr. Examines the process through which community problems are identified and addressed by police departments in cooperation with the community. Considers current efforts by law enforcement officers to achieve an effective working relationship with the community.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15705",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000023",
    "code": "ADJ236",
    "title": "Principles of Criminal Investigation (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 236 - Principles of Criminal Investigation (Spring Only) ADJ 236 - Principles of Criminal Investigation (Spring Only) 3 cr. Surveys the fundamentals of criminal investigation procedures and techniques. Examines crime scene search, collecting, handling and preserving of evidence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000540"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15728",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj236.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000024",
    "code": "ADJ278",
    "title": "Firearms and Tool - Mark Identification (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ADJ 278 - Firearms and Tool - Mark Identification (Check Availability) ADJ 278 - Firearms and Tool - Mark Identification (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the role of the firearms in forensic science. Teaches the examination techniques and procedures for identifying firearms, tool-marks, ammunition, projectiles and projectile fragments. Instructs on the topics of determining muzzle-to-target distance, gunshot residue tests, firearms nomenclature, comparative micrography, serial number restoration, and the collecting, handling, and presenting of firearms and tool-mark evidence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15056",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj278",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj278.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000025",
    "code": "ADJ298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Only)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "ADJ 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) ADJ 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) 1-5 credits cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000528"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15745",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/adj298.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000026",
    "code": "AIR121",
    "title": "Air Conditioning and Refrigeration I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "AIR 121 - Air Conditioning and Refrigeration I (Spring Only) AIR 121 - Air Conditioning and Refrigeration I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Studies refrigeration theory, tools and equipment, soldering, brazing, refrigeration systems, system components, compressors, evaporators, metering devices. Provides laboratory application of refrigerators and freezers.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000548"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15067",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/air121",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/air121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000027",
    "code": "AIR122",
    "title": "Air Conditioning and Refrigeration II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "AIR 122 - Air Conditioning and Refrigeration II (Spring Only) AIR 122 - Air Conditioning and Refrigeration II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Studies refrigeration theory, tools and equipment, soldering, brazing, refrigeration systems, system components, compressors, evaporators, metering devices. Provides laboratory application of refrigerators and freezers.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AIR121"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000548"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15068",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/air122",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/air122.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000028",
    "code": "AIR134",
    "title": "Circuit and Controls I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "AIR 134 - Circuit and Controls I (Spring Only) AIR 134 - Circuit and Controls I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents circuit diagrams for air conditioning units, reading and drawing of circuit diagrams, types of electrical controls. Includes analysis of air conditioning circuits, components, analysis and characteristics of circuits and controls, testing and servicing, introduces electricity for air conditioning which includes circuit elements, direct current circuits and motors, single and three-phase circuits and motors, power distribution systems and protective devices. Studies the electron and its behavior in passive and active circuits and components. Demonstrates electronic components and circuits as applied to air conditioning system.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000548"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15069",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/air134",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/air134.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000029",
    "code": "AIR154",
    "title": "Heating Systems I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "AIR 154 - Heating Systems I (Spring Only) AIR 154 - Heating Systems I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces types of fuels and their characteristics of combustion; types, components and characteristics of burners and burner efficiency analyzers. Studies forced air heating systems including troubleshooting, preventive maintenance and servicing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000548"
    ],
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    "code": "AIR155",
    "title": "Heating Systems II (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 4,
    "description": "AIR 155 - Heating Systems II (Spring Only) AIR 155 - Heating Systems II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces types of fuels and their characteristics of combustion; types, components and characteristics of burners and burner efficiency analyzers. Studies forced air heating systems including troubleshooting, preventive maintenance and servicing.",
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      "laurelridge-000548"
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    "code": "ARC130",
    "title": "Introduction to Materials & Methods of Construction (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ARC 130 - Introduction to Materials & Methods of Construction (Fall Only) ARC 130 - Introduction to Materials & Methods of Construction (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces the physical properties and characteristics of building materials and methods of construction. Includes review of residential and light commercial wood-frame construction techniques and an introduction to steel and concrete structural systems.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000543"
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    "code": "ARC221",
    "title": "Architectural CAD Apps Software I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ARC 221 - Architectural CAD Apps Software I (Spring Only) ARC 221 - Architectural CAD Apps Software I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches the principles and techniques of architectural drawing practices through the use of architecture specific CAD software. Utilizes the commands and features of the software to generate drawings that emphasize architectural design and structural systems. Requires knowledge of AutoCAD 2D software.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000543"
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    "code": "ART100",
    "title": "Art Appreciation (Fall Spring Summer)",
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    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ART 100 - Art Appreciation (Fall Spring Summer) ART 100 - Art Appreciation (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces art from prehistoric times to the present day. Describes architectural styles, sculpture, photography, printmaking, and painting techniques. Highlights major artists and key contributions from global and Western culture. Covers content chronologically and/or thematically.",
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      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
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      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15778",
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    "code": "ART101",
    "title": "History of Art: Prehistoric to Gothic (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ART 101 - History of Art: Prehistoric to Gothic (Fall Spring Summer) ART 101 - History of Art: Prehistoric to Gothic (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Surveys the history and interpretation of architecture, painting and sculpture from the prehistoric era through the Gothic.",
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      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15089",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000035",
    "code": "ART102",
    "title": "History of Art: Renaissance to Modern (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ART 102 - History of Art: Renaissance to Modern (Fall Spring Summer) ART 102 - History of Art: Renaissance to Modern (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Surveys the history and interpretation of architecture, painting and sculpture from the Renaissance through the modern era.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15090",
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  {
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    "code": "ART121",
    "title": "Foundations of Drawing (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ART 121 - Foundations of Drawing (Check Availability) ART 121 - Foundations of Drawing (Check Availability) 3 cr. Develops basic drawing skills and understanding of visual language through studio instruction/lecture. Introduces concepts such as line, proportion, space, perspective, value and composition as applied to still life, landscape and figure. Uses drawing media such as pencil, charcoal and ink wash. Includes field trips and gallery assignments as appropriate.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15091",
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    "code": "ART125",
    "title": "Introduction to Painting (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ART 125 - Introduction to Painting (Fall Only) ART 125 - Introduction to Painting (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces study of color, composition and painting techniques. Places emphasis on experimentation and enjoyment of oil and/or acrylic paints and the fundamentals of tools and materials.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15803",
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    "code": "ART131",
    "title": "Two-Dimensional Design (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ART 131 - Two-Dimensional Design (Check Availability) ART 131 - Two-Dimensional Design (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the elements and principles of design as applied to two-dimensional studio projects. Introduces two-dimensional media, techniques, compositional strategies, and color concepts and interactions. Supports conceptual development through introduction to historical and contemporary practices and critical analysis. May include field trips as required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15093",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art131",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000039",
    "code": "ART132",
    "title": "Three-Dimensional Design (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ART 132 - Three-Dimensional Design (Check Availability) ART 132 - Three-Dimensional Design (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the elements and principles of design as applied to three-dimensional studio projects. Introduces three-dimensional media, techniques, compositional strategies, and color concepts and interactions. Supports conceptual development through introduction to historical and contemporary practices and critical analysis. May include field trips as required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15094",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000040",
    "code": "ART200",
    "title": "History of Non-Western Art (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ART 200 - History of Non-Western Art (Check Availability) ART 200 - History of Non-Western Art (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores art as an integral aspect of cultures from Africa, Asia, Islamic groups, Oceania, Native America, and pre-Columbian Central and South America. Increases understanding of the formal and iconographic properties of these works by examining the philosophies, social customs, and ritual practices of their cultures. The assignments in the course require the reading of scholarly articles and researched-based writing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000514"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15804",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art200",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000041",
    "code": "ART215",
    "title": "History of Modern Art (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ART 215 - History of Modern Art (Fall Only) ART 215 - History of Modern Art (Fall Only) 3 cr. Surveys the history of modern architecture, sculpture, painting and graphic arts in representational and non-representational forms. Focuses on the periods and movements that influenced the arts of the twentieth century as well as the influence of modernism on contemporary art. The assignments in the course require the reading of scholarly articles and research-based writing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000514"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15805",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art215",
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    "code": "ART223",
    "title": "Life Drawing (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ART 223 - Life Drawing (Spring Only) ART 223 - Life Drawing (Spring Only) 3 cr. Advances skills and exploration in drawing through studio practice. Continues investigation of elements and principles of design emphasizing perceptual figure drawing. Introduces a variety of media and techniques including color media and theory. Supports conceptual development through introduction to historical and contemporary practices and critical analysis. May include field trips.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15092",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art223",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000043",
    "code": "ART243",
    "title": "Watercolor I (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ART 243 - Watercolor I (Summer Only) ART 243 - Watercolor I (Summer Only) 3 cr. Presents abstract and representational painting in watercolor with emphasis on design, color, composition, technique and value.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15097",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art243",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art243.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000044",
    "code": "ART287",
    "title": "Portfolio and Resume Preparation (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "ART 287 - Portfolio and Resume Preparation (Check Availability) ART 287 - Portfolio and Resume Preparation (Check Availability) 4 cr. Focuses on portfolio preparation, resume writing, and job interviewing for students. Recommended for final semester program students.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15777",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/art287",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000045",
    "code": "ASL101",
    "title": "Beginning American Sign Language I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ASL 101 - Beginning American Sign Language I (Check Availability) ASL 101 - Beginning American Sign Language I (Check Availability) 4 cr. Introduces cultural awareness, comprehension and production skills, and emphasizes basic sentence structure in American Sign Language with a focus on interactive communicative competence. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15072",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000046",
    "code": "ASL102",
    "title": "Beginning American Sign Language II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ASL 102 - Beginning American Sign Language II (Check Availability) ASL 102 - Beginning American Sign Language II (Check Availability) 4 cr. Introduces cultural awareness, comprehension and production skills, and emphasizes basic sentence structure in American Sign Language with a focus on interactive communicative competence. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15073",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/asl102",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000047",
    "code": "ASL125",
    "title": "History of the U.S. Deaf Community (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ASL 125 - History of the U.S. Deaf Community (Check Availability) ASL 125 - History of the U.S. Deaf Community (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines the history of the Deaf Community. Presents an overview of various aspects of Deaf culture, including educational and legal issues in American history.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15075",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/asl125",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000048",
    "code": "ASL201",
    "title": "Intermediate American Sign Language I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ASL 201 - Intermediate American Sign Language I (Check Availability) ASL 201 - Intermediate American Sign Language I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, comprehension and production skills, and emphasizes a variety of sentence structures in American Sign Language with a continued focus on interactive communicative competence. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ASL102"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15077",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/asl201",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000049",
    "code": "ASL202",
    "title": "Intermediate American Sign Language II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ASL 202 - Intermediate American Sign Language II (Check Availability) ASL 202 - Intermediate American Sign Language II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, comprehension and production skills, and emphasizes a variety of sentence structures in American Sign Language with a continued focus on interactive communicative competence. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ASL201"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15078",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000050",
    "code": "BIO101",
    "title": "General Biology I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 101 - General Biology I (Fall Spring Summer) BIO 101 - General Biology I (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Focuses on biological processes with a chemical foundation, including macromolecules, cellular structure, metabolism, and genetics in an evolutionary context. Explores the core concepts of evolution; structure and function; information flow, storage and exchange; pathways and transformations of energy and matter; and systems biology. Emphasizes the process of science, interdisciplinary approach, and relevance of biology to society. Part I of a two-course sequence. Assignments require college-level reading fluency, coherent written communication, and basic mathematical skills.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15102",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000051",
    "code": "BIO102",
    "title": "General Biology II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 102 - General Biology II (Fall Spring Summer) BIO 102 - General Biology II (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Focuses on biological processes with a chemical foundation, including macromolecules, cellular structure, metabolism, and genetics in an evolutionary context. Explores the core concepts of evolution; structure and function; information flow, storage and exchange; pathways and transformations of energy and matter; and systems biology. Emphasizes the process of science, interdisciplinary approach, and relevance of biology to society. Part II of a two-course sequence.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO101"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15103",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000052",
    "code": "BIO141",
    "title": "Human Anatomy & Physiology I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 141 - Human Anatomy & Physiology I (Fall Spring Summer) BIO 141 - Human Anatomy & Physiology I (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Presents the study of anatomy & physiology including anatomical terminology, homeostasis, histology, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, and nervous system. Part I of II. Assignments require college-level reading fluency, coherent written communication, and basic mathematical skills.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO101"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15104",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000053",
    "code": "BIO142",
    "title": "Human Anatomy & Physiology II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 142 - Human Anatomy & Physiology II (Fall Spring Summer) BIO 142 - Human Anatomy & Physiology II (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Continues study of anatomy and physiology including endocrine system, blood and cardiovascular system, lymphatic system and immunity, respiratory system, urinary system, fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, digestive system and nutrient metabolism, reproductive system, and prenatal development. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO141"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15105",
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  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000054",
    "code": "BIO145",
    "title": "Basic Human Anatomy and Physiology (Fall Spring)",
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    "hours": 6,
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      "laurelridge-000499",
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      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000553"
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    "code": "BIO150",
    "title": "Microbiology for Health Science (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 150 - Microbiology for Health Science (Fall Spring Summer) BIO 150 - Microbiology for Health Science (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Focuses on the general characteristics, cellular structure, and metabolism of microorganisms. Emphasizes microbial relationships with individual and community health. Includes impact of microbes on human health and disease, microbial pathogenicity, identifying and managing infectious diseases and controlling microbial growth, healthcare associated infections and epidemiology. Studies aseptic culturing techniques with hands-on experience in safe microbiology practices.",
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      "BIO101",
      "BIO141"
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      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000529"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15107",
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    "code": "BIO206",
    "title": "Cell Biology (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 206 - Cell Biology (Check Availability) BIO 206 - Cell Biology (Check Availability) 4 cr. Introduces the ultrastructure and functions of cells. Emphasizes cell metabolism, cell division, and control of gene expression.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO101",
      "CHM111"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15108",
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    "code": "BIO270",
    "title": "General Ecology (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "BIO 270 - General Ecology (Check Availability) BIO 270 - General Ecology (Check Availability) 4 cr. Studies interrelationships between organisms and their natural and cultural environments with emphasis on populations, communities and ecosystems.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO101",
      "BIO102"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15110",
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    "code": "BUS100",
    "title": "Introduction to Business (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 100 - Introduction to Business (Fall Spring Summer) BUS 100 - Introduction to Business (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Exposes students to the functions and topics of modern business, including economics, management, finance, accounting, marketing, production, international business, small business, and other areas of general business interest. Guides students in establishing a viable business vocabulary, fostering critical and analytical thinking, and refining business decision-making skills.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000547",
      "laurelridge-000559"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15112",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000059",
    "code": "BUS111",
    "title": "Principles of Supervision I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 111 - Principles of Supervision I (Spring Only) BUS 111 - Principles of Supervision I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches the fundamentals of supervision, including the primary responsibilities of the supervisor. Introduces factors relating to the work of supervisors and subordinates. Covers aspects of leadership, job management, work improvement, training and orientation, performance evaluation and effective employee/supervisor relationships.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000559"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15113",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/bus111",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000060",
    "code": "BUS125",
    "title": "Applied Business Mathematics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 125 - Applied Business Mathematics (Spring Only) BUS 125 - Applied Business Mathematics (Spring Only) 3 cr. Applies mathematical operations to business process and problems such as wages and payroll, sales and property taxes, checkbook records and bank reconciliation, depreciation, overhead, distribution of profit and loss in partnerships, distribution of corporate dividends, commercial discounts, markup, markdown, simple interest, present values, bank discount notes, multiple payment plans, compound interest annuities, sinking funds, and amortization.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000546",
      "laurelridge-000547"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15738",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000061",
    "code": "BUS165",
    "title": "Small Business Management (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 165 - Small Business Management (Spring Only) BUS 165 - Small Business Management (Spring Only) 3 cr. Identifies management concerns unique to small businesses. Introduces the requirements necessary to initiate a small business and identifies the elements compromising a business plan. Presents information establishing financial and administrative controls, developing a marketing strategy, managing business operations and the legal and government relationships specific to small businesses.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000556"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15115",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000062",
    "code": "BUS200",
    "title": "Principles of Management (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 200 - Principles of Management (Spring Summer) BUS 200 - Principles of Management (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Teaches management and the management functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. Focuses on application of management principles to realistic situations managers encounter as they attempt to achieve organizational",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000559"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15116",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000063",
    "code": "BUS201",
    "title": "Organizational Behavior (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 201 - Organizational Behavior (Spring Only) BUS 201 - Organizational Behavior (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents a behaviorally oriented course combining the functions of management with the psychology of leading and managing people. Focuses on the effective use of human resources through understanding human motivation and behavior patterns, conflict management and resolution, group functioning and process, the psychology of decision-making, and the importance of recognizing and managing change.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15768",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000064",
    "code": "BUS205",
    "title": "Human Resource Management (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 205 - Human Resource Management (Fall Only) BUS 205 - Human Resource Management (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces employment, selection and placement of personnel, usage levels and methods, job descriptions, training methods and programs and employee evaluation systems. Includes procedures for management of human resources and uses case studies and problems to demonstrate implementation of these techniques.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000547",
      "laurelridge-000549",
      "laurelridge-000559"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15117",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000065",
    "code": "BUS214",
    "title": "Compensation Management (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 214 - Compensation Management (Fall Only) BUS 214 - Compensation Management (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces the various components of employee compensation systems and their role in attracting and retaining good employees. Teaches how to develop and evaluate employee compensation systems that serve the needs of the workforce and the organization. Covers strategic perspectives, internal alignment and consistency, external competitiveness, employee contributions, and compliance.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000549"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15732",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000066",
    "code": "BUS217",
    "title": "Employee Training and Development (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 217 - Employee Training and Development (Spring Only) BUS 217 - Employee Training and Development (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches the fundamentals of human resource development (HRD) theory and practice in the organization. Examines adult learning theory, the concept of the learning organization, the role of training and development in the workplace and adult learning models. Focuses on applications of HRD principles to develop effective training programs for technical skills and management development.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000549"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15733",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000067",
    "code": "BUS218",
    "title": "Employee Recruitment, Selection, and Retention (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 218 - Employee Recruitment, Selection, and Retention (Spring Only) BUS 218 - Employee Recruitment, Selection, and Retention (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines the fundamentals of successful recruitment, staffing, and retention. Focuses on job analysis, behavioral interviewing, assessing candidates, background investigations, legislative compliance, equal employment opportunity and Affirmative Action requirements, economic conditions that impact staffing, short-term and long-term strategy and planning, internal and external recruiting, and career planning.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000549"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15734",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/bus218",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000068",
    "code": "BUS224",
    "title": "Business Statistics (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 224 - Business Statistics (Spring Summer) BUS 224 - Business Statistics (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces methods of probability assessment and statistical inference. Includes data presentation; descriptive statistics; basic probability concepts; discrete and continuous probability distributions; decision theory; estimation and sampling distributions; Central Limit Theorem; simple linear regression and hypothesis testing for a single sample or population. Emphasizes business and economic applications. Utilizes computer software as a tool for problem-solving.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000515"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15747",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000069",
    "code": "BUS226",
    "title": "Computer Business Applications (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "BUS 226 - Computer Business Applications (Check Availability) BUS 226 - Computer Business Applications (Check Availability) 3 cr. Provides a practical application of software packages, including spreadsheets, word processing, database management, and presentation graphics. Includes the use of programs in accounting techniques, word processing, and management science application.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15659",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000070",
    "code": "BUS240",
    "title": "Introduction to Business Law (Fall Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 240 - Introduction to Business Law (Fall Summer) BUS 240 - Introduction to Business Law (Fall Summer) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to the American legal system and the use of law to achieve economic and social goals. Highlights ethical principles and legal reasoning underlying the rights and obligations of business relationships and their effect on business decision-making. Emphasizes fundamental principles of government regulation and the court system, constitutional law, torts, criminal law, contracts, agency, employment, and property law.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000547",
      "laurelridge-000549",
      "laurelridge-000556",
      "laurelridge-000559"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15737",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000071",
    "code": "BUS242",
    "title": "Business Law II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 242 - Business Law II (Spring Only) BUS 242 - Business Law II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses on business organization and dissolution, bankruptcy and Uniform Commercial Code. Introduces international law and the emerging fields of E-Commerce and Internet Law.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15120",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000072",
    "code": "BUS270",
    "title": "Interpersonal Dynamics (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 270 - Interpersonal Dynamics (Spring Summer) BUS 270 - Interpersonal Dynamics (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Focuses on intra- and interpersonal communication effectiveness in the business organization. Includes topics such as planning and running effective meetings, networking, and politicking, coaching, and mentoring, making effectual and ethical decisions, developing team-building strategies, and practicing proficient skills in verbal, non-verbal, and written communications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000556",
      "laurelridge-000559"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15121",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000073",
    "code": "BUS280",
    "title": "Introduction to International Business (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "BUS 280 - Introduction to International Business (Fall Only) BUS 280 - Introduction to International Business (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to the theoretical principles and practices of the global business environment. Examines the functions of international business in the economy, international and transnational marketing, production, and financial operations.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15748",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000074",
    "code": "CAD140",
    "title": "Technical Drawing (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CAD 140 - Technical Drawing (Fall Only) CAD 140 - Technical Drawing (Fall Only) 3 cr. Enhances the principles learned that are related directly to the field of drafting and design. Gives a more in-depth exposure to detail and working drawings, dimensioning, tolerancing and conventional drafting practices. Teaches CAD modeling, may include parametric modeling.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000543"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15654",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000075",
    "code": "CAD165",
    "title": "Architectural Blueprint Reading",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CAD 165 - Architectural Blueprint Reading CAD 165 - Architectural Blueprint Reading 3 cr. Emphasizes reading, understanding and interpreting standard types of architectural drawings including plans, elevation, section and details.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15159",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000076",
    "code": "CAD175",
    "title": "Schematics and Mechanical Diagrams",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "CAD 175 - Schematics and Mechanical Diagrams CAD 175 - Schematics and Mechanical Diagrams 2 cr. Covers interpretation of basic shop drawings, conventional symbols, common electrical and electronics symbols, wiring diagrams, hydraulic and pneumatic symbols, schematic drawings and piping diagrams.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15160",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000077",
    "code": "CAD241",
    "title": "Parametric Solid Modeling I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CAD 241 - Parametric Solid Modeling I (Fall Only) CAD 241 - Parametric Solid Modeling I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Focuses on teaching students the design of parts by parametric solid modeling. Topics covered will include, but not limited to, sketch profiles; geometric and dimensional constraints; 3-D features; model generation by extrusion, revolution and sweep; and the creation of 2-D drawing views that include sections, details and auxiliary. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000543"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15161",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000078",
    "code": "CAD242",
    "title": "Parametric Solid Modeling II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CAD 242 - Parametric Solid Modeling II (Spring Only) CAD 242 - Parametric Solid Modeling II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses on teaching students the design of parts by parametric solid modeling. Topics covered will include, but not limited to, sketch profiles; geometric and dimensional constraints; 3-D features; model generation by extrusion, revolution and sweep; and the creation of 2-D drawing views that include sections, details and auxiliary. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CAD241"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000543"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15162",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000079",
    "code": "CHD118",
    "title": "Language Arts for Young Children (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHD 118 - Language Arts for Young Children (Spring Only) CHD 118 - Language Arts for Young Children (Spring Only) 3 cr. Emphasizes the early development of children’s language and literacy skills. Presents techniques and methods for supporting all aspects of early literacy. Surveys children’s literature, and examines elements of promoting oral literacy, print awareness, phonological awareness, alphabetic principle, quality storytelling and story reading. Addresses strategies for intervention and support for exceptional children and English Language Learners.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15133",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000080",
    "code": "CHD120",
    "title": "Introduction to Early Childhood Education (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHD 120 - Introduction to Early Childhood Education (Fall Spring) CHD 120 - Introduction to Early Childhood Education (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces early childhood development through activities and experiences in early childhood, pre-kindergarten, kindergarten and primary programs. Investigates classroom organization and procedures and use of classroom time and materials, approaches to education for young children, professionalism and curricular procedures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000544"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15134",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000081",
    "code": "CHD145",
    "title": "Teaching Art, Music & Movement to Children (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHD 145 - Teaching Art, Music & Movement to Children (Fall Spring) CHD 145 - Teaching Art, Music & Movement to Children (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Focuses on children’s exploration, play, and creative expression in the areas of art, music, and movement. Emphasis will be on developing strategies for using various open-ended media representing a range of approaches in creative thinking. Addresses strategies for intervention and support for exceptional children and English Language Learners.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000544"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15135",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000082",
    "code": "CHD146",
    "title": "Math, Science, & Social Studies for Children (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHD 146 - Math, Science, & Social Studies for Children (Fall Only) CHD 146 - Math, Science, & Social Studies for Children (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides experiences in content, methods, and materials for the development of math, science, and social studies skills in children. Emphasis will be on developing strategies for using various resources to facilitate children’s construction of knowledge. Addresses strategies for intervention and support for exceptional children and English Language Learners.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15136",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd146.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000083",
    "code": "CHD165",
    "title": "Observation & Participation in Early Childhood/Primary Settings (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHD 165 - Observation & Participation in Early Childhood/Primary Settings (Fall Only) CHD 165 - Observation & Participation in Early Childhood/Primary Settings (Fall Only) 3 cr. Focuses on observation as the primary method for gathering information about children in early childhood settings. Emphasizes development of skills in the implementation of a range of observation techniques. Includes 40 hours of field placement in early learning setting. Total Includes 2 hours seminar and 2 hours field placement.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000544"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15137",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd165",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd165.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000084",
    "code": "CHD166",
    "title": "Infant and Toddler Programs (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHD 166 - Infant and Toddler Programs (Spring Only) CHD 166 - Infant and Toddler Programs (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines child growth and development from birth to 36 months. Focuses on development in the physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and language domains. Emphasizes the importance of the environment and relationships for healthy brain development during the child’s first three years of life. Investigates regulatory standards for infant/toddler care giving.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15138",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd166",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd166.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000085",
    "code": "CHD205",
    "title": "Guiding the Behavior of Children (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHD 205 - Guiding the Behavior of Children (Fall Spring) CHD 205 - Guiding the Behavior of Children (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Explores the role of the early childhood educator in supporting emotional and social development of children, and in fostering a sense of community. Presents practical strategies for encouraging prosocial behavior, conflict resolution and problem solving. Emphasizes basic skills and techniques in child guidance.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000544"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15139",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd205",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd205.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000086",
    "code": "CHD210",
    "title": "Introduction to Exceptional Children (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHD 210 - Introduction to Exceptional Children (Spring Only) CHD 210 - Introduction to Exceptional Children (Spring Only) 3 cr. Reviews the history of and legal requirements for providing intervention and educational services for young children with special needs. Studies the characteristics of children with a diverse array of needs and developmental abilities. Explores concepts of early intervention, inclusion, guiding behavior and adapting environments to meet children’s needs.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15140",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd210.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000087",
    "code": "CHD216",
    "title": "Early Childhood Programs, School, and Social Change (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHD 216 - Early Childhood Programs, School, and Social Change (Fall Only) CHD 216 - Early Childhood Programs, School, and Social Change (Fall Only) 3 cr. Explores methods of developing positive, effective relations with families to enhance their developmental goals for children. Considers culture and other diverse needs, perspectives, and abilities of families and educators. Emphasizes advocacy and public policy awareness as an important role of early childhood educators. Describes risk factors and identifies community resources.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15142",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd216",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd216.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000088",
    "code": "CHD265",
    "title": "Advanced Observation & Participation in Early Childhood/Primary Settings (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHD 265 - Advanced Observation & Participation in Early Childhood/Primary Settings (Spring Only) CHD 265 - Advanced Observation & Participation in Early Childhood/Primary Settings (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses on implementation of activity planning and observation of children through participation in early childhood settings. Emphasizes responsive teaching practices and assessment of children’s development. Reviews legal and ethical implications of working with children. Supports the student in creating a professional educational portfolio. Includes 40 hours of field placement in early learning setting. Total Includes 2 seminar hours and 2 fieldwork hours.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHD165"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15143",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd265",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd265.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000089",
    "code": "CHD270",
    "title": "Administration of Childcare Programs (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHD 270 - Administration of Childcare Programs (Spring Only) CHD 270 - Administration of Childcare Programs (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines the skills needed for establishing and managing early childhood programs. Emphasizes professionalism and interpersonal skills, program planning, staff selection and development, creating policies, budgeting, and developing forms for recordkeeping.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15144",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chd270.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000090",
    "code": "CHM101",
    "title": "Introductory Chemistry (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "CHM 101 - Introductory Chemistry (Fall Spring Summer) CHM 101 - Introductory Chemistry (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Explores the experimental and theoretical concepts of general chemistry while emphasizing scientific reasoning, critical and analytical thinking. Designed for the non-science major.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MDE10",
      "MTH154"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15123",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm101",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000091",
    "code": "CHM111",
    "title": "General Chemistry I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "CHM 111 - General Chemistry I (Fall Spring Summer) CHM 111 - General Chemistry I (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Explores the fundamental laws, theories and mathematical concepts of chemistry. Designed primarily for science and engineering majors. Requires a strong background in mathematics. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161",
      "ENG111",
      "MDE61"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15125",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm111",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000092",
    "code": "CHM112",
    "title": "General Chemistry II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "CHM 112 - General Chemistry II (Fall Spring Summer) CHM 112 - General Chemistry II (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Explores the fundamental laws, theories and mathematical concepts of chemistry. Designed primarily for science and engineering majors. Requires a strong background in mathematics. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHM111"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15126",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000093",
    "code": "CHM241",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry I (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHM 241 - Organic Chemistry I (Summer Only) CHM 241 - Organic Chemistry I (Summer Only) 3 cr. Introduces fundamental chemistry of carbon compounds, including structures, physical properties, syntheses and typical reactions. Emphasizes reaction mechanisms. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHM112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000521"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15127",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm241",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm241.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000094",
    "code": "CHM242",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry II (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHM 242 - Organic Chemistry II (Summer Only) CHM 242 - Organic Chemistry II (Summer Only) 3 cr. Introduces fundamental chemistry of carbon compounds, including structures, physical properties, syntheses and typical reactions. Emphasizes reaction mechanisms. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHM241"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000521"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15128",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm242",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm242.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000095",
    "code": "CHM245",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry I Laboratory (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHM 245 - Organic Chemistry I Laboratory (Summer Only) CHM 245 - Organic Chemistry I Laboratory (Summer Only) 2 cr. Introduces various methods and procedures used in present day organic laboratories. Covers the general techniques, organic synthesis, and the use of common spectroscopic instrumentation; synthesizing a variety of compounds; and analyzing the products through physical properties and spectroscopy. Part I of II",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHM112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000521"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15129",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm245",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm245.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000096",
    "code": "CHM246",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry II Laboratory (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CHM 246 - Organic Chemistry II Laboratory (Summer Only) CHM 246 - Organic Chemistry II Laboratory (Summer Only) 2 cr. Introduces various methods and procedures used in present day organic laboratories. Covers the general techniques, organic synthesis, and the use of common spectroscopic instrumentation; synthesizing a variety of compounds; and analyzing the products through physical properties and spectroscopy. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHM245"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000521"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15130",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm246",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm246.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000097",
    "code": "CHM260",
    "title": "Introductory Biochemistry (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CHM 260 - Introductory Biochemistry (Check Availability) CHM 260 - Introductory Biochemistry (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores fundamentals of biological chemistry. Includes study of macromolecules, metabolic pathways, and biochemical genetics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHM112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15131",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm260",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm260.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000098",
    "code": "CHM261",
    "title": "Biochemistry Lab (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "CHM 261 - Biochemistry Lab (Check Availability) CHM 261 - Biochemistry Lab (Check Availability) 1 cr. Provides hands on lab experiences designed to reinforce the fundamentals of biological chemistry taught in CHM 260 such as biochemistry assays, enzyme kinetics, enzyme purification, chromatography, electrophoresis and use of western blots.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15132",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm261",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/chm261.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000099",
    "code": "CIV290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CIV 290 - Coordinated Internship (Fall Spring Summer) CIV 290 - Coordinated Internship (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the college. Total Credit/practice ratio not to exceed 1:5 hours. Variable hours. 1-5 credits May be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15754",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/civ290",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/civ290.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000100",
    "code": "CSC110",
    "title": "Principles of Computer Science (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CSC 110 - Principles of Computer Science (Fall Spring Summer) CSC 110 - Principles of Computer Science (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides a broad introduction to the field of computer science. Introduces design techniques, development of algorithms, and applications of computer science. Includes the idea of abstraction as a problem solving technique. Examines the functionality of computing innovations and computing systems. Discusses the potential impacts of these innovations from a social, legal, and ethical perspective. The assignments in this course require mathematical problem solving skills, algebraic modeling and functions, and use of variables.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000539",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15163",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000101",
    "code": "CSC205",
    "title": "Computer Organization (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CSC 205 - Computer Organization (Spring Only) CSC 205 - Computer Organization (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines the hierarchical structure of computer architecture. Focuses on multi-level machine organization. Uses assembler programming to complete simple projects. Includes processors, instruction, execution, addressing techniques, data representation and digital logic.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSC221"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15165",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc205",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000102",
    "code": "CSC208",
    "title": "Introduction to Discrete Structures (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CSC 208 - Introduction to Discrete Structures (Spring Only) CSC 208 - Introduction to Discrete Structures (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces discrete mathematics concepts in relation to computer science. Applies the use of Boolean algebra, analysis of algorithms such as logic, sets and functions, recursive algorithms, and recurrence relations, combinatorics, graphs, and trees. Assignments in this course require a basic understanding of programming concepts, problem solving, basic college algebra and trigonometry skills.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15609",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc208",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc208.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000103",
    "code": "CSC210",
    "title": "Programming with C++ (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CSC 210 - Programming with C++ (Summer Only) CSC 210 - Programming with C++ (Summer Only) 4 cr. Includes language syntax, problem solving techniques, top-down refinement, procedure definition, loop invariance, theory of numerical errors and debugging. Covers the syntax of the C++ language.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSC222",
      "EGR125"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15610",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000104",
    "code": "CSC215",
    "title": "Computer Systems (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CSC 215 - Computer Systems (Fall Only) CSC 215 - Computer Systems (Fall Only) 3 cr. Examines the hierarchical structure of computer systems. Explores the representation of instructions and data, memory organization/structure, structure of a CPU, programming hierarchy and operating system interactions.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSC221"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15674",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc215",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000105",
    "code": "CSC221",
    "title": "Introduction to Problem Solving and Programming (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CSC 221 - Introduction to Problem Solving and Programming (Spring Only) CSC 221 - Introduction to Problem Solving and Programming (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces problem solving and implementation of solutions using a high level programming language in a structured programming environment. Includes concepts and practice of structured programming, problem-solving, top-down design of algorithms, a high level programming language syntax, control structures, arrays, and an introduction into object oriented programming. This is the first course in a three-course sequence (CSC 221, CSC 222 , CSC 223 ). The assignments in this course require mathematical problem solving skills, algebraic modeling and functions, and use of variables.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000539",
      "laurelridge-000558"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15655",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc221",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000106",
    "code": "CSC222",
    "title": "Object-Oriented Programming (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CSC 222 - Object-Oriented Programming (Fall Only) CSC 222 - Object-Oriented Programming (Fall Only) 4 cr. Introduces the concepts and techniques of object-oriented programming to students with a background in procedural programming and problem solving. Uses a high-level computer language to illustrate and implement the topics. This is the second course in a three-course sequence ( CSC 221 , CSC 222, CSC 223 ).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSC221"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000539",
      "laurelridge-000558"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15656",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc222",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc222.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000107",
    "code": "CSC223",
    "title": "Data Structures and Analysis of Algorithms (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "CSC 223 - Data Structures and Analysis of Algorithms (Spring Only) CSC 223 - Data Structures and Analysis of Algorithms (Spring Only) 4 cr. Explores and contrasts data structures, algorithms for manipulating data structures, and their use of appropriateness in writing efficient real-world programming applications. Investigates implementations of different data structures for efficient searching, sorting and other transformer operations. This is the third course in a three-course sequence ( CSC 221 , CSC 222 and CSC 223).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSC222"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15657",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc223",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc223.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000108",
    "code": "CSC295",
    "title": "Topics in (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "CSC 295 - Topics in (Check Availability) CSC 295 - Topics in (Check Availability) 1-5 cr. Provides an opportunity to explore topical areas of interest to or needed by students. May be used also for special honors courses.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15166",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc295",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc295.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000109",
    "code": "CSC298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "CSC 298 - Seminar and Project (Check Availability) CSC 298 - Seminar and Project (Check Availability) 1-5 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000539"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15167",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/csc298.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000110",
    "code": "CST100",
    "title": "Principles of Public Speaking (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 100 - Principles of Public Speaking (Fall Spring Summer) CST 100 - Principles of Public Speaking (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Applies theory and principles of public address with an emphasis on preparation and on the extemporaneous method of delivery. The assignments in the course require college-level reading and analysis of scholarly studies and coherent communication through written reports, including the production of at least one APA/MLA-formatted individual writing assignment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000540",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15153",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000111",
    "code": "CST110",
    "title": "Introduction to Human Communication (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 110 - Introduction to Human Communication (Fall Spring) CST 110 - Introduction to Human Communication (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Examines the elements affecting human communication in individual (e.g., intrapersonal, interpersonal), small group, and public communication contexts with an emphasis on the practice of communication skills in each context. The assignments in the course require college-level reading and analysis of scholarly studies and coherent communication through written reports including the production of at least one APA/MLA-formatted individual writing assignment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15154",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst110.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000112",
    "code": "CST114",
    "title": "Survey of Mass Media (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 114 - Survey of Mass Media (Fall Spring) CST 114 - Survey of Mass Media (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Examines the history and current understanding of mass communication. Covers print media (newspapers, magazines, and books), electronic media (radio, television, film, the Internet), advertising, public relations, and mass media theory, research, and ethics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15155",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst114",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst114.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000113",
    "code": "CST115",
    "title": "Small Group Communication (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 115 - Small Group Communication (Check Availability) CST 115 - Small Group Communication (Check Availability) 3 cr. Emphasizes the development of presentational ability in a group, decision-making, group maintenance, and leadership and participant skills. Incorporates a preliminary study of group dynamics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15649",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst115",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst115.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000114",
    "code": "CST126",
    "title": "Interpersonal Communication (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 126 - Interpersonal Communication (Fall Only) CST 126 - Interpersonal Communication (Fall Only) 3 cr. Teaches interpersonal communication skills for both daily living and the world of work, including perception, self- concept, self-disclosure, listening and feedback, nonverbal communication, attitudes, assertiveness, and other interpersonal skills. The assignments in the course require college-level reading and analysis of scholarly studies and coherent communication through written reports including the production of at least one APA/MLA-formatted individual writing assignment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15156",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst126",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst126.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000115",
    "code": "CST151",
    "title": "Film Appreciation (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 151 - Film Appreciation (Fall Spring) CST 151 - Film Appreciation (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces the critical study of film as an art form and cultural artifact. Examines cinematic techniques and the relationship between movies and their social contexts. Develops analytical skills for interpreting visual media.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15157",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst151",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst151.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000116",
    "code": "CST201",
    "title": "Introduction to Communication Theory (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 201 - Introduction to Communication Theory (Check Availability) CST 201 - Introduction to Communication Theory (Check Availability) 3 cr. Engages in an examination of various theories, focusing on questions about human communication. Emphasizes perspectives on theory development, topical areas within the discipline, basic research methodologies, and a survey of theories in those areas. Covers basic procedures for theory building, research, and writing about communication.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CST100",
      "CST110"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15650",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst201",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000117",
    "code": "CST221",
    "title": "Public Relations (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 221 - Public Relations (Check Availability) CST 221 - Public Relations (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces public relations as a marketing activity and focuses on media relations, publicity, strategic planning, public relations research, communication with multiple audiences, and the elements of an effective public relations campaign to influence public opinion. Equips students with the basic skills for writing publicity materials and coordinating public relations campaigns and media kits. This course applies basic writing and communication skills to the principles of public relations. This is an upper-level course intended for students planning to study public relations or a related field.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15651",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst221",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000118",
    "code": "CST229",
    "title": "Intercultural Communication (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "CST 229 - Intercultural Communication (Spring Only) CST 229 - Intercultural Communication (Spring Only) 3 cr. Explores human communication across cultural contexts and introduces the study of intercultural communication. Prepares students to communicate effectively within an increasingly multicultural world and globalized era. Develops understanding and analytical skills regarding communication across cultural contexts.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15158",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst229",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/cst229.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000119",
    "code": "DNH111",
    "title": "Oral Anatomy (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 111 - Oral Anatomy (Fall Only) DNH 111 - Oral Anatomy (Fall Only) 2 cr. Studies the morphology and function of the oral structures with emphasis on the primary and permanent dentition, eruption sequence, occlusion and intra-arch relationships.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15168",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh111",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh111.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000120",
    "code": "DNH115",
    "title": "Histology/Head and Neck Anatomy (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "DNH 115 - Histology/Head and Neck Anatomy (Fall Only) DNH 115 - Histology/Head and Neck Anatomy (Fall Only) 3 cr. Presents a study of the microscopic and macroscopic anatomy and physiology of the head, neck and oral tissues. Includes embryologic development and histologic components of the head, neck, teeth and periodontium.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15169",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh115",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh115.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000121",
    "code": "DNH120",
    "title": "Management of Emergencies (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 120 - Management of Emergencies (Fall Only) DNH 120 - Management of Emergencies (Fall Only) 2 cr. Studies the various medical emergencies and techniques for managing emergencies in the dental setting. Additional practical applications and simulations of emergencies may be conducted to enhance basic knowledge from the lecture component.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15170",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh120",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh120.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000122",
    "code": "DNH130",
    "title": "Oral Radiography for the Dental Hygienist (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "DNH 130 - Oral Radiography for the Dental Hygienist (Fall Only) DNH 130 - Oral Radiography for the Dental Hygienist (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies radiation physics, biology, safety and exposure techniques for intra- and extra-oral radiographic surveys. Laboratory provides practice in exposure, processing methods, mounting and interpretation of normal findings.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15171",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh130",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh130.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000123",
    "code": "DNH141",
    "title": "Dental Hygiene I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "DNH 141 - Dental Hygiene I (Fall Only) DNH 141 - Dental Hygiene I (Fall Only) 5 cr. Introduces clinical knowledge and skills for the performance of dental hygiene services; basic skill components, lab manikins and client practice.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15172",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh141",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh141.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000124",
    "code": "DNH142",
    "title": "Dental Hygiene II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 11,
    "description": "DNH 142 - Dental Hygiene II (Spring Only) DNH 142 - Dental Hygiene II (Spring Only) 5 cr. Exposes students to instrument sharpening, time management and client education techniques and methods. Provides supervised clinical practice in the dental hygiene clinic with emphasis on developing client treatment and instrument skills.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH141"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15173",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh142",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh142.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000125",
    "code": "DNH143",
    "title": "Dental Hygiene III (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 8,
    "description": "DNH 143 - Dental Hygiene III (Summer Only) DNH 143 - Dental Hygiene III (Summer Only) 3 cr. Introduces dental health care for clients with special needs. Includes introduction to computer concepts and applications. Provides supervised clinical practice in the dental hygiene clinic with emphasis on refining client treatment and instrumentation skills, including oral radiographs.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH142"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15174",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh143",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh143.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000126",
    "code": "DNH145",
    "title": "General and Oral Pathology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 145 - General and Oral Pathology (Spring Only) DNH 145 - General and Oral Pathology (Spring Only) 2 cr. Introduces general pathology with consideration of the common diseases affecting the human body. Particular emphasis is given to the study of pathological conditions of the mouth, teeth and their supporting structures.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH115"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15175",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh145",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh145.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000127",
    "code": "DNH146",
    "title": "Periodontics for the Dental Hygienist (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 146 - Periodontics for the Dental Hygienist (Spring Only) DNH 146 - Periodontics for the Dental Hygienist (Spring Only) 2 cr. Introduces the theoretical and practical study of various concepts and methods used in describing, preventing and controlling periodontal disease. Presents etiology, microbiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diseases.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15176",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh146",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh146.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000128",
    "code": "DNH150",
    "title": "Nutrition (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 150 - Nutrition (Summer Only) DNH 150 - Nutrition (Summer Only) 2 cr. Studies nutrition as it relates to dentistry and general health. Emphasizes the principles of nutrition as applied to the clinical practice of dental hygiene.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15177",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh150",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh150.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000129",
    "code": "DNH214",
    "title": "Practical Materials for Dental Hygiene (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "DNH 214 - Practical Materials for Dental Hygiene (Fall Only) DNH 214 - Practical Materials for Dental Hygiene (Fall Only) 2 cr. Studies the current technologic advances, expanded functions and clinical/laboratory materials used in dental hygiene practice. Provides laboratory experience for developing skills in the utilization and applications of these technologies and functions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15178",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh214",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh214.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000130",
    "code": "DNH216",
    "title": "Pharmacology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 216 - Pharmacology (Spring Only) DNH 216 - Pharmacology (Spring Only) 2 cr. Studies the chemical and therapeutic agents used in dentistry, including their preparation, effectiveness and specific application.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15179",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh216",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh216.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000131",
    "code": "DNH226",
    "title": "Public Health Dental Hygiene I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "DNH 226 - Public Health Dental Hygiene I (Fall Only) DNH 226 - Public Health Dental Hygiene I (Fall Only) 2 cr. Studies and compares concepts of delivery of health care, applying the public health delivery model. Utilizes epidemiologic methods, research and biostatistics as applied to oral health program planning, implementation and evaluation. Incorporates and applies current health issues and trends.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15180",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh226",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh226.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000132",
    "code": "DNH227",
    "title": "Public Health Dental Hygiene II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "DNH 227 - Public Health Dental Hygiene II (Spring Only) DNH 227 - Public Health Dental Hygiene II (Spring Only) 1 cr. Applies concepts of public health program planning through student directed community projects with an emphasis on preventative oral health education. Includes development of table clinics, bulletin boards and volunteer service in the community.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH226"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15181",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh227",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh227.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000133",
    "code": "DNH230",
    "title": "Office Practice and Ethics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "DNH 230 - Office Practice and Ethics (Spring Only) DNH 230 - Office Practice and Ethics (Spring Only) 1 cr. Studies the principles of dental ethics and economics as they relate to the dental hygienist. The course also includes a study of jurisprudence and office procedures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15182",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000134",
    "code": "DNH235",
    "title": "Management of Dental Pain & Anxiety in the Dental Office (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "DNH 235 - Management of Dental Pain & Anxiety in the Dental Office (Summer Only) DNH 235 - Management of Dental Pain & Anxiety in the Dental Office (Summer Only) 2 cr. Provides a study of anxiety and pain management techniques used in dental care. Students will understand the necessary theory to appropriately treat, plan and successfully administer topical anesthesia, local anesthesia, and nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia. Includes the components of pain, pain control mechanisms, topical anesthesia, local anesthesia and nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH115",
      "DNH120",
      "DNH216"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15183",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh235",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/dnh235.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000135",
    "code": "DNH244",
    "title": "Dental Hygiene IV (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 13,
    "description": "DNH 244 - Dental Hygiene IV (Fall Only) DNH 244 - Dental Hygiene IV (Fall Only) 5 cr. Introduces advanced skills and the dental hygienist’s role in dental specialties. Includes supervised clinical practice in the dental hygiene clinic and/or off-campus clinical rotations at various community facilities. Emphasizes treatment of clients demonstrating periodontal involvement, stressing application and correlation of knowledge and skills from previous semesters.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH143"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000136",
    "code": "DNH245",
    "title": "Dental Hygiene V (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 13,
    "description": "DNH 245 - Dental Hygiene V (Spring Only) DNH 245 - Dental Hygiene V (Spring Only) 5 cr. Exposes student to current advances in dentistry. Includes supervised clinical practice in the dental hygiene clinic and/or off-campus clinical rotations at various community facilities. Emphasis is placed on synthesis of knowledge from previous semesters, treatment of clients with moderate to advanced periodontal involvement and improving clinical speed while maintaining quality in preparation for practice.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DNH244"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15185",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000137",
    "code": "ECO150",
    "title": "Economic Essentials: Theory and Application (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ECO 150 - Economic Essentials: Theory and Application (Fall Spring Summer) ECO 150 - Economic Essentials: Theory and Application (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents a broad overview of microeconomic and macroeconomic theory with application to current economic situations. Introduces concepts, policies, and theories in addition to models of domestic and global economies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15676",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000138",
    "code": "ECO201",
    "title": "Principles of Macroeconomics (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ECO 201 - Principles of Macroeconomics (Fall Spring Summer) ECO 201 - Principles of Macroeconomics (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents the fundamental macroeconomic concepts, theories, and issues including the study of scarcity and opportunity cost, supply and demand, national economic growth, inflation, recession, unemployment, fiscal and monetary policies, and international trade. Develops an appreciation of how these economic concepts apply to consumer, business, and government decisions, and their effect on the overall economy.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15186",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000139",
    "code": "ECO202",
    "title": "Principles of Microeconomics (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ECO 202 - Principles of Microeconomics (Fall Spring Summer) ECO 202 - Principles of Microeconomics (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents the fundamental microeconomic concepts, theories, and issues including the study of scarcity and opportunity cost, supply and demand, elasticities, marginal revenues and costs, profits, production and distribution. Develops an appreciation of how these economic concepts apply to consumer and business decisions, and their effect on the individual.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15187",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000140",
    "code": "EDE10",
    "title": "English Composition Preparation (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDE 10 - English Composition Preparation (Fall Spring) EDE 10 - English Composition Preparation (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Provides academic skills and support for introductory composition. Students will identify and apply academic skills including critical reading, writing, thinking, and research. Upon successful completion of EDE 10, instructors recommend enrollment in EDE 11/ ENG 111 or ENG 111 or ENG 115 /ENG 131.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15671",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ede10",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000141",
    "code": "EDE11",
    "title": "English Composition Readiness (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDE 11 - English Composition Readiness (Fall Spring Summer) EDE 11 - English Composition Readiness (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides academic support for successful completion of ENG 111 . Students will identify and apply academic skills including critical reading, writing, thinking, and introductory research.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15672",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000142",
    "code": "EDU200",
    "title": "Foundations of Education (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 200 - Foundations of Education (Fall Spring) EDU 200 - Foundations of Education (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Explores the foundational topics related to education. Emphasizes the historical, philosophical, social, legal, ethical, and professional aspects of teaching. This course requires a practicum with a minimum of 20 hours of observation in a K-12 setting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000517"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15189",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000143",
    "code": "EDU204",
    "title": "Teaching in a Diverse Society (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 204 - Teaching in a Diverse Society (Fall Spring) EDU 204 - Teaching in a Diverse Society (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Examines how personal and professional identities, positioning, and intersectional positionalities, values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors impact teaching and learning. Develops an understanding of similar and unique characteristics of PreK-12 students and their families, including culture, race, ethnicity, religion, language and learning abilities, gender socializations and sexual orientation. This course requires a practicum with a minimum of 20 hours of observation in a K-12 setting.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDU200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000517"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15736",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000144",
    "code": "EDU205",
    "title": "Curriculum and Instructional Procedures (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 205 - Curriculum and Instructional Procedures (Check Availability) EDU 205 - Curriculum and Instructional Procedures (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines the role of curriculum in education and the alignment of curriculum to state and national standards. Emphasizes how curriculum implementation, assessment methods, textbook and material selection, and technology updates impact instruction. Addresses how to develop curriculum and instruction to meet the needs of diverse learners.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15605",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu205",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu205.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000145",
    "code": "EDU206",
    "title": "Classroom and Behavioral Management (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 206 - Classroom and Behavioral Management (Spring Only) EDU 206 - Classroom and Behavioral Management (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides an overview of issues that arise in classrooms. Emphasizes methods for managing the diverse needs of students in order to promote a positive learning environment. Addresses how to establish and communicate expectations for effective instruction.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDU200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000517"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15606",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu206",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000146",
    "code": "EDU207",
    "title": "Human Growth and Development (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 207 - Human Growth and Development (Check Availability) EDU 207 - Human Growth and Development (Check Availability) 3 cr. Provides an overview of the physical, intellectual, cognitive, language, social, and emotional development of human beings from birth to death, with a focus on birth to adolescence. Emphasizes how hereditary and environmental influences impact the development of the whole child.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000517"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15701",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu207",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu207.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000147",
    "code": "EDU235",
    "title": "Health, Safety and Nutrition Education (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 235 - Health, Safety and Nutrition Education (Fall Spring) EDU 235 - Health, Safety and Nutrition Education (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Focuses on the health and developmental needs of children and the methods by which these needs are met. Emphasizes positive health, hygiene, nutrition and feeding routines, childhood diseases, and safety issues. Emphasizes supporting the mental and physical wellbeing of children, as well as procedures for reporting child abuse.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000544"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15190",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu235",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu235.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000148",
    "code": "EDU250",
    "title": "Foundations of Exceptional Education (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 250 - Foundations of Exceptional Education (Spring Only) EDU 250 - Foundations of Exceptional Education (Spring Only) 3 cr. Explores the historical, ethical, social, cultural, and legal practices for providing educational services for individuals with exceptionalities including early intervention, inclusion, adapting environments, and supporting positive behavior. Includes the study of characteristics of individuals with exceptionalities and the influence of culture and environment on development. Focuses on models, theories, and trends in special education.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDU200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000517"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15735",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu250",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu250.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000149",
    "code": "EDU280",
    "title": "Introduction to Instructional Technologies (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EDU 280 - Introduction to Instructional Technologies (Check Availability) EDU 280 - Introduction to Instructional Technologies (Check Availability) 3 cr. Provides future K-12 educators with the knowledge and skills needed to successfully implement instructional technology into their classroom. Explores the connections between types of technologies, technology standards, types of learners, and instructional practices.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDU200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000517"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15608",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu280",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/edu280.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000150",
    "code": "EGR121",
    "title": "Foundations of Engineering (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EGR 121 - Foundations of Engineering (Fall Spring Summer) EGR 121 - Foundations of Engineering (Fall Spring Summer) 2 cr. Introduces the engineering profession and its impact on society and the environment, including engineering problem solving, the engineering design process, and professional practices. Covers fundamental engineering calculations, descriptive statistics, basic spreadsheet and mathematical scripting language applications, professional ethics, teamwork, and communication.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG111",
      "MTH162",
      "MTH167"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15652",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr121",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000151",
    "code": "EGR122",
    "title": "Engineering Design (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "EGR 122 - Engineering Design (Spring Only) EGR 122 - Engineering Design (Spring Only) 3 cr. Applies engineering methods to a semester-long team design project with an emphasis on engineering software involving 2D and 3D computer aided design; data modeling and analysis; and iterative programming solutions. Covers design drawings and dimensioning; spreadsheet software usage; mathematical scripting language; and professional practices.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGR121"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15653",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr122",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr122.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000152",
    "code": "EGR125",
    "title": "Introduction to Computer Programming for Engineers (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "EGR 125 - Introduction to Computer Programming for Engineers (Spring Only) EGR 125 - Introduction to Computer Programming for Engineers (Spring Only) 4 cr. Introduces problem solving and implementation of computer software solutions using a high-level programming language in a structured environment. Includes concepts and practice of algorithm design, language syntax, control structures, arrays, and introduction to object-oriented programming. Covers engineering applications, such as mathematical modeling, file input and output, and basic numerical methods. The assignments in this course require mathematical problem-solving skills, algebraic modeling, and functions, and use of variables.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH162",
      "MTH167"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15679",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr125.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000153",
    "code": "EGR135",
    "title": "Statics for Engineering Technology (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EGR 135 - Statics for Engineering Technology (Fall Only) EGR 135 - Statics for Engineering Technology (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces Newton’s Laws, resultants and equilibrium of force systems, analysis of trusses and frames. Teaches determination of centroids, distributed loads and moments of inertia. Covers dry friction and force systems in space.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161",
      "MTH167"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000502"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15239",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000154",
    "code": "EGR136",
    "title": "Strength of Materials for Engineering Technology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EGR 136 - Strength of Materials for Engineering Technology (Spring Only) EGR 136 - Strength of Materials for Engineering Technology (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents concepts of stress and strain. Focuses on analysis of stresses and deformations in loaded members, connectors, shafts, beams, columns and combined stress.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGR135"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000502"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15240",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr136.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000155",
    "code": "EGR206",
    "title": "Engineering Economics (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EGR 206 - Engineering Economics (Fall Only) EGR 206 - Engineering Economics (Fall Only) 3 cr. Presents economic analysis of engineering alternatives. Studies economic and cost concepts, calculation of economic equivalence, comparison of alternatives, replacement economy, economic optimization in design and operation, depreciation and after tax analysis.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15241",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr206",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr206.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000156",
    "code": "EGR216",
    "title": "Computer Methods in Engineering & Technology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "EGR 216 - Computer Methods in Engineering & Technology (Spring Only) EGR 216 - Computer Methods in Engineering & Technology (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides advanced level experience in using a computer as a tool for solving technical problems and performing office functions. Includes computer hardware and operating system usage, structured programming in a selected high level language, use of word processing software, computer graphics and spreadsheets. Focuses on the analysis and solution of problems in engineering and technology.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000543"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15242",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000157",
    "code": "EGR240",
    "title": "Statics (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EGR 240 - Statics (Fall Only) EGR 240 - Statics (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces basic concepts of engineering mechanics, systems of forces and couples, equilibrium of particles and rigid bodies, and internal forces and analysis of structures, including SI and U.S. customary units. Includes trusses, frames, machines, beams, distributed forces, friction, and centroids.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH263"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15680",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000158",
    "code": "EGR245",
    "title": "Dynamics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EGR 245 - Dynamics (Spring Only) EGR 245 - Dynamics (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents an approach to kinematics and kinetics of particles (and systems of particles) in linear and curvilinear motion. Includes kinematics and kinetics of rigid bodies in plane motion. Teaches Newton’s second law, work-energy, and impulse-momentum methods.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGR240"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15243",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000159",
    "code": "EGR246",
    "title": "Mechanics of Materials (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EGR 246 - Mechanics of Materials (Spring Only) EGR 246 - Mechanics of Materials (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces concepts of stress, strain, deformation, internal equilibrium, and basic properties of engineering materials. Analyzes axial loads, torsion, bending, shear and combined loading. Studies stress transformation, principal stresses, and buckling.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGR240"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15244",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000160",
    "code": "EGR270",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Computer Engineering (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "EGR 270 - Fundamentals of Computer Engineering (Fall Spring Summer) EGR 270 - Fundamentals of Computer Engineering (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Covers digital system analysis, design, and implementation. Includes digital logic, Boolean algebra, combinational and sequential circuits, hierarchical design, and introduction to computer organization and assembly language. Features in laboratory work the use of discrete logic, programmable logic devices, and hardware description language to design, simulate, implement, validate, and document digital circuits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGR121",
      "EGR125",
      "CSC221"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15682",
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  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000161",
    "code": "EGR271",
    "title": "Electric Circuits I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "EGR 271 - Electric Circuits I (Fall Spring Summer) EGR 271 - Electric Circuits I (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Covers fundamentals of electric circuits. Teaches resistive circuit analysis methods, including network theorems. Features operational amplifiers, capacitors, inductors, resistor-capacitor (RC), resistor-inductor (RL) and resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) circuit transient response. Introduces phasor representation of alternating current (AC) circuits. Utilizes circuit design processes, technical writing and computer software for problem solving. Includes laboratory analysis to explore course concepts. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH264",
      "EGR121"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15683",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr271",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr271.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000162",
    "code": "EGR272",
    "title": "Electric Circuits II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "EGR 272 - Electric Circuits II (Fall Spring Summer) EGR 272 - Electric Circuits II (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Covers sinusoidal steady-state circuit response using phasors, frequency analysis of linear circuits including frequency response, Bode plots, Fourier series analysis, and design of basic filters. Examines Laplace circuit analysis and transfer functions, AC power analysis, nonlinear diode models, and technical writing. Includes laboratory analysis and open-ended design project. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH267",
      "EGR271"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15684",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr272",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/egr272.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000163",
    "code": "ELE131",
    "title": "National Electrical Code I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ELE 131 - National Electrical Code I (Fall Only) ELE 131 - National Electrical Code I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides comprehensive study of the purpose and interpretations of the National Electric Code as well as familiarization and implementation of various charts, code rulings and wiring methods including state and local regulations. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000554"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15615",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele131",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele131.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000164",
    "code": "ELE133",
    "title": "Practical Electricity I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ELE 133 - Practical Electricity I (Fall Only) ELE 133 - Practical Electricity I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Teaches the fundamentals of electricity, terminology, symbols and diagrams. Includes the principles essential to the understanding of general practices, safety and the practical aspects of residential and non-residential wiring and electrical installation, including fundamentals of motors and controls. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000554"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15193",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele133",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele133.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000165",
    "code": "ELE134",
    "title": "Practical Electricity II (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ELE 134 - Practical Electricity II (Fall Only) ELE 134 - Practical Electricity II (Fall Only) 3 cr. Teaches the fundamentals of electricity, terminology, symbols and diagrams. Includes the principles essential to the understanding of general practices, safety and the practical aspects of residential and non-residential wiring and electrical installation, including fundamentals of motors and controls. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000554"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15194",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele134",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele134.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000166",
    "code": "ELE149",
    "title": "Wiring Methods in Industry (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ELE 149 - Wiring Methods in Industry (Fall Only) ELE 149 - Wiring Methods in Industry (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies the fundamentals of industrial power distribution, circuits, switches, enclosures, panels, fuses, circuit breakers, transformers, and wiring methods, using various charts and tables of the National Electrical Code.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000554"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15616",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele149",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele149.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000167",
    "code": "ELE233",
    "title": "Programmable Logic Controller Systems I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ELE 233 - Programmable Logic Controller Systems I (Check Availability) ELE 233 - Programmable Logic Controller Systems I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Teaches operating and programming of programmable logic controllers. Covers analog and digital interfacing and communication schemes as they apply to system.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ETR156",
      "ETR211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000537"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15618",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele233",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ele233.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000168",
    "code": "EMS100",
    "title": "CPR for Healthcare Providers (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 100 - CPR for Healthcare Providers (Fall Spring Summer) EMS 100 - CPR for Healthcare Providers (Fall Spring Summer) 1 cr. Provides instruction in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation that meets current Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC) guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation education for Healthcare Providers. Equivalent to HLT 105 . An additional healthcare course specific fee of $50.00 per credit hour applies to this course. The price is discounted 50% to $25.00 per credit hour for the 2026-27 academic year only.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000535",
      "laurelridge-000545"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15204",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000169",
    "code": "EMS111",
    "title": "Emergency Medical Technician (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 7,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "EMS 111 - Emergency Medical Technician (Fall Spring Summer) EMS 111 - Emergency Medical Technician (Fall Spring Summer) 7 cr. Prepares student for certification as a Virginia and National Registry EMT. Focuses on all aspects of pre-hospital basic life support as defined by the Virginia Office of Emergency Medical Services curriculum for Emergency Medicine Technician.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EMS100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000535",
      "laurelridge-000545"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15205",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems111",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems111.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000170",
    "code": "EMS112",
    "title": "Emergency Medical Technician - Basic I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "EMS 112 - Emergency Medical Technician - Basic I (Fall Only) EMS 112 - Emergency Medical Technician - Basic I (Fall Only) 4 cr. Prepares student for certification as a Virginia and/or national Registry EMT-Basic. Focuses on all aspects of pre-hospital basic life support as defined by the Virginia Office of Emergency Medical Services curriculum for Emergency Medicine Technician Basic.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15206",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000171",
    "code": "EMS113",
    "title": "Emergency Medical Technician - Basic II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "EMS 113 - Emergency Medical Technician - Basic II (Spring Only) EMS 113 - Emergency Medical Technician - Basic II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Continues preparation of student for certification as a Virginia and/or National Registry EMT-Basic. Includes all aspects of pre-hospital basic life support as defined by the Virginia Office of Emergency Medical Services curriculum for Emergency Medicine Technician Basic.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15207",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems113",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems113.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000172",
    "code": "EMS120",
    "title": "Emergency Medical Technician - Clinical (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 120 - Emergency Medical Technician - Clinical (Fall Spring Summer) EMS 120 - Emergency Medical Technician - Clinical (Fall Spring Summer) 1 cr. Provides supervised direct patient contact introducing the student to the assessment and emergency care of sick and injured patients. This course is a",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000535",
      "laurelridge-000545"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15208",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems120",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems120.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000173",
    "code": "EMS123",
    "title": "EMS Clinical Preparation (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 123 - EMS Clinical Preparation (Fall Only) EMS 123 - EMS Clinical Preparation (Fall Only) 1 cr. Introduces the student to local clinical agencies and prepares the student for clinical activities about the level of EMT. Includes",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15210",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems123",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems123.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000174",
    "code": "EMS163",
    "title": "Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 163 - Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) (Fall Only) EMS 163 - Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) (Fall Only) 1 cr. Prepares for certification as a Prehospital Trauma Life Support provider as defined by the American College of Surgeons.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15223",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems163",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems163.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000175",
    "code": "EMS164",
    "title": "Advanced Medical Life Support (AMLS) (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 164 - Advanced Medical Life Support (AMLS) (Fall Only) EMS 164 - Advanced Medical Life Support (AMLS) (Fall Only) 1 cr. Covers current topics of care for adult patients suffering extensive medical conditions and emergencies, and offers certification as an Advanced Medical Life Support (AMLS) as defined by the National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15224",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems164",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems164.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000176",
    "code": "EMS165",
    "title": "Advanced Cardiac Life Support (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 165 - Advanced Cardiac Life Support (Fall Only) EMS 165 - Advanced Cardiac Life Support (Fall Only) 1 cr. Prepares for certification as an Advanced Cardiac Life provider. Follows courses as defined by the American Heart Association.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EMS100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15769",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems165",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems165.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000177",
    "code": "EMS167",
    "title": "Emergency Pediatric Care (EPC) (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 167 - Emergency Pediatric Care (EPC) (Fall Only) EMS 167 - Emergency Pediatric Care (EPC) (Fall Only) 1 cr. Provides a unique approach to pediatric medical care, offering assessment techniques that can EMS practitioners rapidly and accurately assess pediatric patients to determine which situations may be life threatening and require immediate intervention. Offers certification as defined by the National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15225",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems167",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems167.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000178",
    "code": "EMS170",
    "title": "ALS Internship (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EMS 170 - ALS Internship (Fall Only) EMS 170 - ALS Internship (Fall Only) 1 cr. Begins the first in a series of clinical experiences providing supervised direct patient contact in appropriate patient care facilities in and out of hospitals. Includes but not limited to patient care units such as the Emergency Department, Trauma Centers and various advanced life support units.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15226",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems170",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems170.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000179",
    "code": "EMS180",
    "title": "Advanced EMS Foundations (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 180 - Advanced EMS Foundations (Fall Only) EMS 180 - Advanced EMS Foundations (Fall Only) 1 cr. Introduces fundamental concepts established by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for the Advanced EMT curriculum. Includes EMS systems, introduction to research, workforce safety and wellness, EMS system communications, therapeutic communication, and legal and ethical issues.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15786",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems180",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems180.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000180",
    "code": "EMS181",
    "title": "Advanced Airway and Shock Management (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 181 - Advanced Airway and Shock Management (Fall Only) EMS 181 - Advanced Airway and Shock Management (Fall Only) 1 cr. Introduces core principles of airway, shock, and resuscitation as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) within the Advanced EMT curriculum. Provides students with a fundamental knowledge of the Cardiopulmonary system, including its assessment and management of shock. Covers cardiac arrest and post-arrest management.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15787",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems181",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems181.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000181",
    "code": "EMS182",
    "title": "Advanced Airway and Shock Management Lab (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 182 - Advanced Airway and Shock Management Lab (Fall Only) EMS 182 - Advanced Airway and Shock Management Lab (Fall Only) 1 cr. Examines assessment and management of trauma emergencies as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) within the Advanced EMT curriculum. Provides students with specific skills related to airway, resuscitation and shock management.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15790",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems182",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems182.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000182",
    "code": "EMS183",
    "title": "Advanced Medical Care (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 183 - Advanced Medical Care (Fall Only) EMS 183 - Advanced Medical Care (Fall Only) 2 cr. Focuses on specific skills related to the assessment and management of common medical emergencies as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) within the Advanced EMT curriculum.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15791",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems183",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems183.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000183",
    "code": "EMS184",
    "title": "Advanced Medical Care Lab (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 184 - Advanced Medical Care Lab (Fall Only) EMS 184 - Advanced Medical Care Lab (Fall Only) 1 cr. Focuses on specific skills related to the assessment and management of common medical emergencies as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) within the Advanced EMT curriculum.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15792",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems184",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems184.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000184",
    "code": "EMS185",
    "title": "Advanced Trauma Care (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 185 - Advanced Trauma Care (Fall Only) EMS 185 - Advanced Trauma Care (Fall Only) 2 cr. Examines the assessment and management of trauma emergencies as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) within the Advanced EMT curriculum.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15793",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems185",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems185.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000185",
    "code": "EMS186",
    "title": "Advanced Trauma Care Lab (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 186 - Advanced Trauma Care Lab (Fall Only) EMS 186 - Advanced Trauma Care Lab (Fall Only) 1 cr. Focuses on specific skills related to the assessment and management of trauma emergencies as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) within the Advanced EMT curriculum.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000535"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15794",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems186",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems186.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000186",
    "code": "EMS210",
    "title": "EMS Operations (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 210 - EMS Operations (Fall Only) EMS 210 - EMS Operations (Fall Only) 1 cr. Focuses on matters related to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) operations, incident and scene safety and awareness, triage, multiple and mass casualty incident operations and medical incident management (command and control of EMS incidents).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15232",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000187",
    "code": "EMS212",
    "title": "Leadership and Professional Development (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "EMS 212 - Leadership and Professional Development (Fall Only) EMS 212 - Leadership and Professional Development (Fall Only) 1 cr. Focuses on the development of leadership within the field of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) leadership, topics include civic engagement, personal wellness, resource management, ethical considerations in leadership and research.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15233",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems212",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems212.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000188",
    "code": "EMS216",
    "title": "Paramedic Review (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 216 - Paramedic Review (Fall Only) EMS 216 - Paramedic Review (Fall Only) 1 cr. Provides the student with intensive review for the practical and written portions of the National Registry Paramedic exam.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15234",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems216",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems216.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000189",
    "code": "EMS221",
    "title": "Paramedic Cardiovascular Care (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EMS 221 - Paramedic Cardiovascular Care (Spring Only) EMS 221 - Paramedic Cardiovascular Care (Spring Only) 3 cr. Covers in-depth assessment and management of cardiovascular conditions, as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for Paramedics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15795",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems221",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000190",
    "code": "EMS222",
    "title": "Paramedic Cardiovascular Care Lab (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 222 - Paramedic Cardiovascular Care Lab (Spring Only) EMS 222 - Paramedic Cardiovascular Care Lab (Spring Only) 1 cr. Focuses on skills involved in the assessment and management of cardiac-related emergencies as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for Paramedics. Develops competency in basic dysrhythmia recognition and overall cardiac patient care.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15796",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000191",
    "code": "EMS223",
    "title": "Paramedic Patient Care I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EMS 223 - Paramedic Patient Care I (Spring Only) EMS 223 - Paramedic Patient Care I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Covers the breadth of medical and trauma conditions as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for Paramedics. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15797",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000192",
    "code": "EMS224",
    "title": "Paramedic Patient Care I Lab (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "EMS 224 - Paramedic Patient Care I Lab (Spring Only) EMS 224 - Paramedic Patient Care I Lab (Spring Only) 1 cr. Covers the skills related to the breadth of medical and trauma conditions as outlined by the NationalEmergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for Paramedics. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15798",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000193",
    "code": "EMS225",
    "title": "Paramedic Patient Care II (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "EMS 225 - Paramedic Patient Care II (Summer Only) EMS 225 - Paramedic Patient Care II (Summer Only) 5 cr. Covers the depth of medical and trauma conditions as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for Paramedics. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15800",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems225",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000194",
    "code": "EMS226",
    "title": "Paramedic Patient Care II Lab (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "EMS 226 - Paramedic Patient Care II Lab (Summer Only) EMS 226 - Paramedic Patient Care II Lab (Summer Only) 2 cr. Covers the skills related to the depth of medical and trauma conditions as outlined by the National Emergency Medical Service Education Standards (NEMSES) for Paramedics. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15801",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems226",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems226.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000195",
    "code": "EMS241",
    "title": "Paramedic Internship I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "EMS 241 - Paramedic Internship I (Spring Only) EMS 241 - Paramedic Internship I (Spring Only) 2 cr. Introduces students to live patient assessment and management in the clinical and field setting. Begins a continuum of learning involving live patients that leads to entry-level competence at the paramedic level. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15799",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems241",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems241.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000196",
    "code": "EMS246",
    "title": "Paramedic Internship II (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "EMS 246 - Paramedic Internship II (Summer Only) EMS 246 - Paramedic Internship II (Summer Only) 2 cr. Introduces students to live patient assessment and management in the clinical and field set. Continues the learning experience with live patients that leads to entry-level competence at the paramedic level. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15802",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems246",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems246.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000197",
    "code": "EMS249",
    "title": "Paramedic Capstone Experience (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "EMS 249 - Paramedic Capstone Experience (Fall Only) EMS 249 - Paramedic Capstone Experience (Fall Only) 2 cr. Provides summative evaluation of the Paramedic student in cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000532"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15237",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ems249",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000198",
    "code": "ENG111",
    "title": "College Composition I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 111 - College Composition I (Fall Spring Summer) ENG 111 - College Composition I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces and prepares students to the critical processes and fundamentals of writing in academic and professional contexts. Teaches the use of print and digital technologies to promote inquiry. Requires the production of a variety of academic texts, totaling at least 4500 words (15 pages typed) of polished writing. This course requires proficiency in using word processing and learning management software.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000530",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000532",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15245",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng111",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000199",
    "code": "ENG112",
    "title": "College Composition II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 112 - College Composition II (Fall Spring Summer) ENG 112 - College Composition II (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Further develops students’ ability to write for academic and professional contexts with increased emphasis on argumentation and research. Requires students to evaluate, integrate, and document print and digital sources to produce a range of academic and multimodal texts, culminating in a fully documented research paper. This course requires proficiency in using word processing and learning management software.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG111"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15246",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000200",
    "code": "ENG210",
    "title": "Advanced Composition (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 210 - Advanced Composition (Check Availability) ENG 210 - Advanced Composition (Check Availability) 3 cr. s students refine skills in writing non-fiction prose. Guides development of individual voice and style. Introduces procedures for publication.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15248",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000201",
    "code": "ENG211",
    "title": "Creative Writing (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 211 - Creative Writing (Check Availability) ENG 211 - Creative Writing (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores fundamentals of writing imaginatively in genres such as poetry, fiction, drama, and essays. Examines terminology and techniques through readings about the craft of creative writing and model texts and provides students the opportunity to apply these techniques in their own writing. Requires students to develop and revise original work through peer and instructor feedback.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000525"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15249",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng211",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng211.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000202",
    "code": "ENG217",
    "title": "Creative Writing Poetry I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 217 - Creative Writing Poetry I (Check Availability) ENG 217 - Creative Writing Poetry I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the fundamentals and techniques of writing poetry.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15252",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng217",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng217.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000203",
    "code": "ENG225",
    "title": "Reading Literature: Culture and Ideas (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 225 - Reading Literature: Culture and Ideas (Fall Spring) ENG 225 - Reading Literature: Culture and Ideas (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Examines a set of literary texts linked by a particular theme, with inquiry into the historical, cultural, and/or social contexts of the texts and the theme. Emphasizes interpretive and critical analysis skills developed through close reading and intertextual study, as well as highlights an exploration of cultural ideas. Engages works of diverse genres, authors, and time periods. Specific themes will vary by section.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15696",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng225",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000204",
    "code": "ENG245",
    "title": "British Literature (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 245 - British Literature (Check Availability) ENG 245 - British Literature (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines British literary traditions and texts from diverse time periods, genres, and authors. Develops critical thinking and interpretive skills through close reading, discussion, and analysis of literary texts in their historical, cultural, social, and/or literary contexts.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15257",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng245",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng245.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000205",
    "code": "ENG246",
    "title": "American Literature (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 246 - American Literature (Fall Spring Summer) ENG 246 - American Literature (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Examines American literary traditions and texts from diverse time periods, genres, and authors. Analyzes literary works within their historical, cultural, social, and/or literary contexts. Emphasizes skills of close reading. Develops critical thinking and interpretive skills through discussion, interpretation, and analysis of these texts.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15673",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng246",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng246.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000206",
    "code": "ENG250",
    "title": "Children’s Literature (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 250 - Children’s Literature (Fall Spring Summer) ENG 250 - Children’s Literature (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Examines the history and development of children’s literature of diverse genres, time periods, and authors. Focuses on analysis of texts for literary qualities and audience. Develops critical thinking and interpretive skills through close reading, discussion, and analysis of literary texts.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15258",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng250",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng250.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000207",
    "code": "ENG255",
    "title": "World Literature (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 255 - World Literature (Fall Spring) ENG 255 - World Literature (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Examines literary texts across a variety of cultures, genres, and time periods. Develops critical thinking and interpretive skills through close reading, discussion, and analysis of literary texts from around the world in their historical, cultural, social, and/or literary contexts.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15259",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng255",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng255.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000208",
    "code": "ENG258",
    "title": "African American Literature (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 258 - African American Literature (Check Availability) ENG 258 - African American Literature (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores the stories African American authors tell about themselves, their communities, and the world. Examines common and diverging themes within African American literary traditions through the study of diverse authors, genres, and literary movements from a variety of time periods. Emphasizes interpretive and critical analysis skills developed through close reading and consideration of historical and cultural contexts.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15644",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng258",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng258.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000209",
    "code": "ENG275",
    "title": "Women’s Literature (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ENG 275 - Women’s Literature (Check Availability) ENG 275 - Women’s Literature (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines literary texts by women writers from diverse time periods, genres, and authors. Develops skills of close reading and literary analysis through analysis of texts within their historical, cultural, social, and/or literary contexts. Explores how women’s experiences have shaped their literary contributions, the cultural forces affecting their lives, and how they have used writing to shape their cultures.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15645",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng275",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/eng275.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000210",
    "code": "ENV121",
    "title": "Foundations of Environmental Science (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "ENV 121 - Foundations of Environmental Science (Fall Spring Summer) ENV 121 - Foundations of Environmental Science (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Focuses on basic physical, chemical, and biological principles with an emphasis on the interactions between humans and the environment. Assignments require college-level reading fluency, coherent written and oral communication, and basic mathematical skills. Intended for students not majoring in science.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15280",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/env121",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/env121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000211",
    "code": "ENV122",
    "title": "Applications in Environmental Science (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "ENV 122 - Applications in Environmental Science (Fall Spring Summer) ENV 122 - Applications in Environmental Science (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Applies the basic concepts of environmental science to human interactions with the environment. Examines environmental science in the context of the societal implications with a focus on sustainability. Assignments require college-level reading fluency, coherent written communication, and basic mathematical skills. Intended for students not majoring in science.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15281",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/env122",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/env122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000212",
    "code": "ESL95",
    "title": "Preparing for College English 111 for ESL (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ESL 95 - Preparing for College English 111 for ESL (Fall Spring) ESL 95 - Preparing for College English 111 for ESL (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Provides an opportunity to explore topical areas of interest to or needed by students.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG111"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15279",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/esl95",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/esl95.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000213",
    "code": "ETR113",
    "title": "D.C. and A.C. Fundamentals I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "ETR 113 - D.C. and A.C. Fundamentals I (Check Availability) ETR 113 - D.C. and A.C. Fundamentals I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Studies D.C. and A.C. circuits, basic electrical components, instruments, network theorems and techniques used to predict, analyze and measure electrical quantities. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000537"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15203",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr113",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr113.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000214",
    "code": "ETR114",
    "title": "D.C. and A.C. Fundamentals II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ETR 114 - D.C. and A.C. Fundamentals II (Check Availability) ETR 114 - D.C. and A.C. Fundamentals II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Studies D.C. and A.C. circuits, basic electrical components, instruments, network theorems, and techniques used to predict, analyze and measure electrical quantities. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000537"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15621",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr114",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr114.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000215",
    "code": "ETR143",
    "title": "Devices and Applications I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ETR 143 - Devices and Applications I (Check Availability) ETR 143 - Devices and Applications I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Teaches theory of active devices and circuits such as diodes, power supplies, transistors (BJTs), amplifiers and their parameters, FETs, and operational amplifiers. May include UJTs, oscillators, RF amplifiers, thermionic devices and others. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000537"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15636",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr143",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr143.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000216",
    "code": "ETR144",
    "title": "Devices and Applications II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "ETR 144 - Devices and Applications II (Check Availability) ETR 144 - Devices and Applications II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Teaches theory of active devices and circuits such as diodes, power supplies, transistors (BJTs), amplifiers and their parameters, FETs, and operational amplifiers. May include UJTs, oscillators, RF amplifiers, thermionic devices and others. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000537"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15622",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr144",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr144.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000217",
    "code": "ETR177",
    "title": "Industrial Robotics and Robotics Programming (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ETR 177 - Industrial Robotics and Robotics Programming (Fall Only) ETR 177 - Industrial Robotics and Robotics Programming (Fall Only) 3 cr. Prepares the student to safely operate and maintain a robot and develop and maintain basic robot programs.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000550"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15765",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr177",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr177.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000218",
    "code": "ETR286",
    "title": "Principles and Applications of Robotics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ETR 286 - Principles and Applications of Robotics (Spring Only) ETR 286 - Principles and Applications of Robotics (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides an overview of terminology, principles, practices, and applications of robotics. Studies development, programming; hydraulic, pneumatic, electronic controls; sensors, and system troubleshooting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000550"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15766",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr286",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/etr286.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000219",
    "code": "FIN108",
    "title": "Principles of Securities Investment (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "FIN 108 - Principles of Securities Investment (Spring Only) FIN 108 - Principles of Securities Investment (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to the fundamentals of the security investment process. Reviews the investment strategy associated with various types of stock orders, discusses the Fundamental and Technical approaches to common stock analysis and examines bond and preferred stock pricing mechanisms. Also reviews the unique aspects of derivative security, mutual fund, real estate, and limited partnership investments.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000546"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15739",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fin108",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fin108.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000220",
    "code": "FIN110",
    "title": "Principles of Banking (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "FIN 110 - Principles of Banking (Fall Only) FIN 110 - Principles of Banking (Fall Only) 3 cr. Presents nearly every aspect of banking, providing a comprehensive introduction to the diversified services and operations of the banking industry. Focuses on new trends gaining attention in banking circles. Recommended for all banking students.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000546"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15740",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fin110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fin110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000221",
    "code": "FIN215",
    "title": "Financial Management",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "FIN 215 - Financial Management FIN 215 - Financial Management 3 cr. Introduces basic financial management topics including statement analysis, working capital, capital budgeting, and long-term financing. Focuses on net present value and internal rate of return techniques, lease vs. buy analysis and cost of capital computations. Uses problems and cases to enhance skills in financial planning and decision-making.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15283",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fin215",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fin215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000222",
    "code": "FNS110",
    "title": "Introduction to Funeral Service",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "FNS 110 - Introduction to Funeral Service FNS 110 - Introduction to Funeral Service 2 cr. Presents a comprehensive study of the history of funeral service, commencing with the practices of the Egyptians, early Christians, Romans, and Hebrews. Traces funeral practice from its early pagan origins to the modern practices of today. May include the study of the sociology of funeral service.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15289",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fns110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fns110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000223",
    "code": "FRE101",
    "title": "Beginning French I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "FRE 101 - Beginning French I (Check Availability) FRE 101 - Beginning French I (Check Availability) 4 cr. Introduces cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills and emphasizes basic sentence structure. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15284",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre101",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000224",
    "code": "FRE102",
    "title": "Beginning French II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "FRE 102 - Beginning French II (Check Availability) FRE 102 - Beginning French II (Check Availability) 4 cr. Introduces cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills and emphasizes basic sentence structure. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRE101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15285",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre102",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000225",
    "code": "FRE201",
    "title": "Intermediate French I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "FRE 201 - Intermediate French I (Check Availability) FRE 201 - Intermediate French I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and introduces complex sentence structures. Classes may be conducted in target language. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRE102"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15286",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre201",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000226",
    "code": "FRE202",
    "title": "Intermediate French II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "FRE 202 - Intermediate French II (Check Availability) FRE 202 - Intermediate French II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and emphasizes complex sentence structures. Classes may be conducted in the target language. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRE201"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15287",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre202",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/fre202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000227",
    "code": "GEO210",
    "title": "People & the Land: Introduction to Cultural Geography (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "GEO 210 - People & the Land: Introduction to Cultural Geography (Fall Spring Summer) GEO 210 - People & the Land: Introduction to Cultural Geography (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to themes in human geography and the ways in which human geographers study spatial relationships in the world. Emphasizes geospatial tools and concepts to examine global patterns of human demographics, culture, geopolitics, and economic and environmental interdependence through an introduction to a broad range of subject matter.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15290",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/geo210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/geo210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000228",
    "code": "GEO220",
    "title": "World Regional Geography (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "GEO 220 - World Regional Geography (Fall Spring) GEO 220 - World Regional Geography (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Examines similarities and differences among the world’s major regions. Evaluates ways in which people and places interact across space and time to produce particular spatial and environmental patterns. Introduces the student to geographic tools such as maps.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15291",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/geo220",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/geo220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000229",
    "code": "GIS101",
    "title": "Introduction to Geospatial Technology I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "GIS 101 - Introduction to Geospatial Technology I (Spring Only) GIS 101 - Introduction to Geospatial Technology I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to the concepts of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems, (GPS) and remote sensing components of Geospatial Technology. Teaches the introductory concepts of geographic location and problem solving by using GIS and GPS units in demonstrating solutions to cross-curricular applications of the technology. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000557"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15688",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gis101",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gis101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000230",
    "code": "GIS102",
    "title": "Introduction to Geospatial Technology II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "GIS 102 - Introduction to Geospatial Technology II (Check Availability) GIS 102 - Introduction to Geospatial Technology II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues with the concepts of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and remote sensing components of Geospatial Technology. Covers additional concepts of geographic location and problem solving by using GIS and GPS units in demonstrating solutions to cross-curricular applications of the technology. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15693",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gis102",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gis102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000231",
    "code": "GOL105",
    "title": "Physical Geology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "GOL 105 - Physical Geology (Fall Spring Summer) GOL 105 - Physical Geology (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Introduces the science of physical geology through a comprehensive systems-based examination of Earth’s structure, composition, rocks and minerals, landforms, geomorphology, and agents responsible for shaping and modifying its environments. Explores the origin and evolution of Earth’s topographic and bathymetric features, geologic phenomena, and geologic hazards, resulting from plate tectonics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15292",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol105",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol105.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000232",
    "code": "GOL106",
    "title": "Historical Geology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "GOL 106 - Historical Geology (Fall Spring Summer) GOL 106 - Historical Geology (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Traces the evolution of the earth and life through time. Presents scientific theories of the origin of the earth and life and interprets rock and fossil records.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15293",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol106",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol106.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000233",
    "code": "GOL110",
    "title": "Earth Systems: An Environmental Geology Perspective (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "GOL 110 - Earth Systems: An Environmental Geology Perspective (Check Availability) GOL 110 - Earth Systems: An Environmental Geology Perspective (Check Availability) 4 cr. Introduces concepts in earth systems including earth materials, plate tectonics, weathering, surface and groundwater, wasting, volcanoes, earthquakes and coastal, as well as pollution and climate change. Explores major topics relating human interaction with the physical environment through case studies. Reinforces applications through laboratory experiments, demonstrations, and field studies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15294",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000234",
    "code": "GOL225",
    "title": "Environmental Geology (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "GOL 225 - Environmental Geology (Check Availability) GOL 225 - Environmental Geology (Check Availability) 4 cr. Explores the interaction between man and his physical environment. Stresses geologic hazards and environmental pollution utilizing case histories.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GOL105"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15295",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol225",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/gol225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000235",
    "code": "HIM110",
    "title": "Introduction to Human Pathology (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 110 - Introduction to Human Pathology (Fall Spring) HIM 110 - Introduction to Human Pathology (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces the basic concepts, terminology, etiology, and characteristics of pathological processes.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO145",
      "BIO141",
      "BIO142"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000531"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15315",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000236",
    "code": "HIM111",
    "title": "Medical Terminology I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 111 - Medical Terminology I (Fall Spring Summer) HIM 111 - Medical Terminology I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces the student to the language used in the health record. Includes a system-by-system review of anatomic disease, operative terms, abbreviations, radiography procedures, laboratory tests and pharmacology terms.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000551"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15316",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him111",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him111.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000237",
    "code": "HIM112",
    "title": "Medical Terminology II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 112 - Medical Terminology II (Fall Spring Summer) HIM 112 - Medical Terminology II (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces the student to the language used in the health record. Includes a system-by-system review of anatomic disease, operative terms, abbreviations, radiography procedures, laboratory tests and pharmacology terms.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM111"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000551"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15317",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000238",
    "code": "HIM130",
    "title": "Healthcare Information Systems (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 130 - Healthcare Information Systems (Spring Summer) HIM 130 - Healthcare Information Systems (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Teaches basic concepts of microcomputer software to include operating systems, word processing, spreadsheets, and database applications. Focuses on microcomputer applications, information systems and applications in the health care environment.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000551"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15318",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him130",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him130.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000239",
    "code": "HIM141",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Health Information Systems (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 141 - Fundamentals of Health Information Systems (Fall Only) HIM 141 - Fundamentals of Health Information Systems (Fall Only) 3 cr. Focuses on health data collection, storage, retrieval and reporting systems, with emphasis on the role of the computer in accomplishing these functions.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152"
    ],
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      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000551"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000240",
    "code": "HIM143",
    "title": "Managing Electronic Billing in a Medical Practice (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 143 - Managing Electronic Billing in a Medical Practice (Summer Only) HIM 143 - Managing Electronic Billing in a Medical Practice (Summer Only) 3 cr. Presents practical knowledge on use of computer technology in medical practice management. Develops basic skills in preparation of universal billing claims. Explores insurance claim processing issues.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000531"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000241",
    "code": "HIM151",
    "title": "Reimbursement Issues in Medical Practice Management (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "HIM 151 - Reimbursement Issues in Medical Practice Management (Spring Only) HIM 151 - Reimbursement Issues in Medical Practice Management (Spring Only) 2 cr. Introduces major reimbursement systems in the United States. Focuses on prospective payment systems, managed care, and documentation necessary for appropriate reimbursement. Emphasizes management of practice to avoid fraud.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM255"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15643",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him151",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him151.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000242",
    "code": "HIM220",
    "title": "Health Statistics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "HIM 220 - Health Statistics (Spring Only) HIM 220 - Health Statistics (Spring Only) 2 cr. Introduces the student to basic statistical principles and calculations as applied in the health care environment, procedures for collection and reporting vital statistics, and quality control basics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM141"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15321",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him220",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000243",
    "code": "HIM226",
    "title": "Legal Aspects of Health Record Documentation (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "HIM 226 - Legal Aspects of Health Record Documentation (Spring Only) HIM 226 - Legal Aspects of Health Record Documentation (Spring Only) 2 cr. Presents the legal requirements associated with health record documentation. Emphasizes the policies and procedures concerning the protection of the confidentiality of patients health records.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15322",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him226",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him226.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000244",
    "code": "HIM230",
    "title": "Information Systems & Technology in Health Care (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "HIM 230 - Information Systems & Technology in Health Care (Fall Only) HIM 230 - Information Systems & Technology in Health Care (Fall Only) 3 cr. Explores computer technology and system application in health care. Introduces the information systems life cycle.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15323",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000245",
    "code": "HIM231",
    "title": "Health Record Applications I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 231 - Health Record Applications I (Fall Only) HIM 231 - Health Record Applications I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Uses an integrated approach to practicing health record skills in a simulated clinical environment. Emphasizes the use of the microcomputer in accomplishing problem-solving tasks.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM141",
      "HIM226",
      "HIM250",
      "BIO145"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15324",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him231",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him231.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000246",
    "code": "HIM232",
    "title": "Health Record Applications II (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 232 - Health Record Applications II (Spring Summer) HIM 232 - Health Record Applications II (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Continues utilizing an integrated approach to practicing health record skills in a simulated clinical environment. Emphasizes the use of the microcomputer in accomplishing problem-solving tasks.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM231"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15325",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him232",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him232.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000247",
    "code": "HIM249",
    "title": "Supervision and Management Practices (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 249 - Supervision and Management Practices (Fall Only) HIM 249 - Supervision and Management Practices (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces supervision and management principles with emphasis on the application of these principles in the health information setting.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM141",
      "HIM130"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15326",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him249",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him249.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000248",
    "code": "HIM250",
    "title": "Health Data Classification Systems I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "HIM 250 - Health Data Classification Systems I (Spring Only) HIM 250 - Health Data Classification Systems I (Spring Only) 4 cr. Focuses on the current classification systems used in the healthcare industry. Introduces the professional standards for coding and reporting of inpatient/outpatient diagnostic codes as well as inpatient procedures. Utilizes standards in identifying and accurately assigning codes to diseases and procedures as they relate to statistical research and healthcare financing.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO145",
      "BIO141",
      "BIO142"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15327",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him250",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him250.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000249",
    "code": "HIM253",
    "title": "Health Records Coding (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "HIM 253 - Health Records Coding (Spring Only) HIM 253 - Health Records Coding (Spring Only) 4 cr. Examines the development of coding classification systems. Introduces ICD-10-CM coding classification system, its format and conventions. Stresses basic coding steps and guidelines according to body systems. Provides actual coding exercises in relation to each system covered.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM111",
      "BIO145",
      "BIO141",
      "BIO142"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000531"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15328",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him253",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him253.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000250",
    "code": "HIM254",
    "title": "Advanced Coding and Reimbursement (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "HIM 254 - Advanced Coding and Reimbursement (Summer Only) HIM 254 - Advanced Coding and Reimbursement (Summer Only) 4 cr. Stresses advanced coding skills through practical exercises using actual medical records. Introduces CPT-4 coding system and guidelines for out-patient/ambulatory surgery coding. Introduces prospective payment system and its integration with ICD-10-CM coding.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HIM112",
      "HIM253"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000531"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15329",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him254",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him254.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000251",
    "code": "HIM255",
    "title": "Health Data Classification Systems II: CPT (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "HIM 255 - Health Data Classification Systems II: CPT (Fall Only) HIM 255 - Health Data Classification Systems II: CPT (Fall Only) 2 cr. Focuses on procedure classification using CPT. This system is currently utilized for collecting health data for the purposes of statistical research and financial reporting.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO145",
      "BIO141",
      "BIO142",
      "HIM112",
      "HIM250"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15330",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him255",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him255.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000252",
    "code": "HIM290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIM 290 - Coordinated Internship (Spring Only) HIM 290 - Coordinated Internship (Spring Only) 3 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms. Coordinated by the college. HIM core courses must be successfully completed with a grade of “C” or better. Credit/practice ratio not to exceed 1:5 hours per week.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15332",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him290",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him290.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000253",
    "code": "HIM298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "HIM 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Summer) HIM 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Summer) 1 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000551"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15333",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him298",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/him298.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000254",
    "code": "HIS111",
    "title": "World Civilizations Pre-1500 CE (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 111 - World Civilizations Pre-1500 CE (Fall Spring Summer) HIS 111 - World Civilizations Pre-1500 CE (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Surveys the history of Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe from antiquity to approximately 1500.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15334",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his111",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his111.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000255",
    "code": "HIS112",
    "title": "World Civilizations Post-1500 CE (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 112 - World Civilizations Post-1500 CE (Fall Spring Summer) HIS 112 - World Civilizations Post-1500 CE (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Surveys the history of Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas from approximately 1500 CE through the present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15335",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000256",
    "code": "HIS121",
    "title": "United States History to 1877 (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 121 - United States History to 1877 (Fall Spring Summer) HIS 121 - United States History to 1877 (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces the history of the United States from its origins to 1877. Includes the European exploration, development of the American colonies and their institutions, the Revolution, major political, social and economic developments, geographical expansion, the Civil War, and Reconstruction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15336",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000257",
    "code": "HIS122",
    "title": "United States History Since 1865 (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 122 - United States History Since 1865 (Fall Spring Summer) HIS 122 - United States History Since 1865 (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces the history of the United States from 1865 to present. Includes major political, social and economic developments since 1865, overseas expansion, the two world wars, the Cold War and the post-Cold War era.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15337",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his122",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000258",
    "code": "HIS251",
    "title": "History of Middle East Civilization I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 251 - History of Middle East Civilization I (Check Availability) HIS 251 - History of Middle East Civilization I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Surveys intellectual, cultural, social, economic and religious patterns in the civilizations of the Middle East. Covers Semitic, Indo-European, and Turkic-speaking peoples from pre-Islamic to the present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15338",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his251",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his251.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000259",
    "code": "HIS252",
    "title": "History of Middle East Civilization II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 252 - History of Middle East Civilization II (Check Availability) HIS 252 - History of Middle East Civilization II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Surveys intellectual, cultural, social, economic and religious patterns in the civilizations of the Middle East. Covers Semitic, Indo-European, and Turkic-speaking peoples from pre-Islamic to the present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15339",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his252",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his252.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000260",
    "code": "HIS254",
    "title": "History of Modern East Asian Civilizations (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 254 - History of Modern East Asian Civilizations (Check Availability) HIS 254 - History of Modern East Asian Civilizations (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines East Asian civilizations from the early modern period through the present day.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15341",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his254",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his254.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000261",
    "code": "HIS267",
    "title": "The Second World War (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 267 - The Second World War (Check Availability) HIS 267 - The Second World War (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines causes and consequences of the Second World War. Includes the rise of totalitarianism, American neutrality, military developments, the home fronts, diplomacy and the decision to use the atomic bomb.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15342",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his267",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his267.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000262",
    "code": "HIS268",
    "title": "The American Constitution (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 268 - The American Constitution (Check Availability) HIS 268 - The American Constitution (Check Availability) 3 cr. Analyzes the origin and development of the United States Constitution. Includes the evolution of civil liberties, property rights, contracts, due process, judicial review, federal-state relationships, and corporate-government relations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15660",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his268",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his268.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000263",
    "code": "HIS269",
    "title": "Civil War and Reconstruction (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 269 - Civil War and Reconstruction (Check Availability) HIS 269 - Civil War and Reconstruction (Check Availability) 3 cr. Studies factors that led to the division between the States. Examines the war, the home fronts, and the era of Reconstruction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15343",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his269",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his269.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000264",
    "code": "HIS276",
    "title": "United States History Since World War II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 276 - United States History Since World War II (Check Availability) HIS 276 - United States History Since World War II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Investigates United States history from 1946 to the present, studying both domestic developments and American involvement in international affairs.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15344",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his276",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his276.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000265",
    "code": "HIS281",
    "title": "History of Virginia (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 281 - History of Virginia (Check Availability) HIS 281 - History of Virginia (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores the cultural, economic, political, and religious history of Virginia from pre-contact to the present. Includes diverse perspectives to emphasize the significant contributions different groups of people (African Americans, Indigenous Peoples, European-Americans, Women) made to the history of Virginia, the colonies, and the United States.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15346",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his281",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his281.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000266",
    "code": "HIS295",
    "title": "Topics In (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HIS 295 - Topics In (Check Availability) HIS 295 - Topics In (Check Availability) 3 cr. Provides an opportunity to explore topical areas of interest to or needed by students. May be used for special honors courses. May be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15783",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his295",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/his295.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000267",
    "code": "HLT105",
    "title": "Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "HLT 105 - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Check Availability) HLT 105 - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Check Availability) 1 cr. Provides training in coordinated mouth-to-mouth artificial ventilation and chest compression, choking, life-threatening emergencies, and sudden illness.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000535",
      "laurelridge-000545"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15301",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt105",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt105.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000268",
    "code": "HLT115",
    "title": "Introduction to Personal and Community Health (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "HLT 115 - Introduction to Personal and Community Health (Fall Spring) HLT 115 - Introduction to Personal and Community Health (Fall Spring) 1 cr. Introduces and focuses on the principles of personal and community health.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15303",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt115",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt115.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000269",
    "code": "HLT130",
    "title": "Nutrition and Diet Therapy (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "HLT 130 - Nutrition and Diet Therapy (Fall Spring) HLT 130 - Nutrition and Diet Therapy (Fall Spring) 2 cr. Studies nutrients, sources, functions and requirements with an introduction to diet therapy.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15305",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt130",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt130.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000270",
    "code": "HLT143",
    "title": "Medical Terminology I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HLT 143 - Medical Terminology I (Fall Spring Summer) HLT 143 - Medical Terminology I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides an understanding of medical abbreviations and terms. Includes the study of prefixes, suffixes, word stems and technical terms with emphasis on proper spelling, pronunciation and usage. Emphasizes more complex skills and techniques in understanding medical terminology.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000529"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15307",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt143",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt143.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000271",
    "code": "HLT156",
    "title": "Healthcare for Athletic Injuries (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HLT 156 - Healthcare for Athletic Injuries (Check Availability) HLT 156 - Healthcare for Athletic Injuries (Check Availability) 3 cr. Teaches prevention and care of athletic injuries, recognition and management of head and spinal injuries, fractures, strains, sprains, as well as cardiac emergencies. Discusses taping, protective equipment, and medical referral.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15611",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt156",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt156.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000272",
    "code": "HLT206",
    "title": "Introduction to Kinesiology (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HLT 206 - Introduction to Kinesiology (Check Availability) HLT 206 - Introduction to Kinesiology (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the study of various forms of physical activity and how they promote human health. Examines the study of physical activity from the perspectives of professional practice, scholarly study and experience. Provides a broad overview of the history, scientific principles, methodologies, and research among the major subdisciplines to prepare students for further study in kinesiology and health sciences. Explores current issues, future directions, certifications, professional associations, and career opportunities.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15311",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt206",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt206.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000273",
    "code": "HLT215",
    "title": "Personal Stress Management (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HLT 215 - Personal Stress Management (Fall Spring) HLT 215 - Personal Stress Management (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Provides a basic understanding of stress and explores its physical, psychological and social effects. Includes the relationships among stress and change, self-evaluation, sources of stress, and ways to develop current coping skills for handling stress. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15312",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt215",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000274",
    "code": "HLT230",
    "title": "Principles of Nutrition (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HLT 230 - Principles of Nutrition (Fall Spring) HLT 230 - Principles of Nutrition (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces students to the basic concepts of nutrition and its impact on personal wellness. Emphasizes an evidence-based approach to various topics, such as the nutrient components of food, the components of a healthy eating pattern, and the relationship between diet and health. Provides a behavioral approach to nutrient guidelines for developing and maintaining optimum wellness. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through documented written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000529"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15313",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt230",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hlt230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000275",
    "code": "HMS100",
    "title": "Introduction to Human Services (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HMS 100 - Introduction to Human Services (Fall Spring) HMS 100 - Introduction to Human Services (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces human service agencies, roles and careers. Presents an historical perspective of the field as it relates to human services today. Additional topics include values clarification and needs of target populations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000527"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15347",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hms100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hms100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000276",
    "code": "HMS121",
    "title": "Basic Counseling Skills (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HMS 121 - Basic Counseling Skills (Fall Spring) HMS 121 - Basic Counseling Skills (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Develops skills needed to function in a ing relationship. Emphasizes skills in attending, listening and responding. Clarifies personal skill strengths, deficits and goals for skill improvement.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HMS100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000527"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15348",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hms121",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hms121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000277",
    "code": "HMS290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HMS 290 - Coordinated Internship (Check Availability) HMS 290 - Coordinated Internship (Check Availability) 3 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the college. Admission to this coordinated internship requires completion of a minimum of 24 college credits that must include the following courses with a grade of C or better: ENG 111 , HMS 100 , HMS 121 , and two SOC and/or PSY electives. Students will be required to purchase a basic background check for admission to the Coordinated Internship, HMS 290, and may be required by participating agencies to complete additional background screenings. Additionally, students must interview with the HMS program lead and complete the procedure outlined in the HMS Internship Handbook prior to enrollment in this course.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG111",
      "HMS100",
      "HMS121"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000527"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15350",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hms290",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hms290.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000278",
    "code": "HUM201",
    "title": "Early Humanities (Fall Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 201 - Early Humanities (Fall Summer) HUM 201 - Early Humanities (Fall Summer) 3 cr. Examines the values and expression of ideas of selected western and non-western cultures from prehistory up to the 1300s, integrating the arts, literature, religion, and philosophy within the context of history. The assignments in this course require college-level reading, analysis of scholarly studies, and coherent communication through properly cited and formatted written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15351",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum201",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000279",
    "code": "HUM202",
    "title": "Modern Humanities (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 202 - Modern Humanities (Check Availability) HUM 202 - Modern Humanities (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines the values and expression of ideas of selected western and non-western cultures from the 1300s until 1900s, integrating the visual arts, literature, religion, music and philosophy within the context of history. The assignments in this course require college-level reading, analysis of scholarly studies, and coherent communication through properly cited and formatted written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15352",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum202",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000280",
    "code": "HUM215",
    "title": "Native American Culture (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 215 - Native American Culture (Check Availability) HUM 215 - Native American Culture (Check Availability) 3 cr. Surveys the cultural history of Native (Indian) peoples in the Americas from the pre-Columbian era until the present. Studies history, religion, literature, arts, lifeways and worldviews which comprise the diverse traditions of Native peoples.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15353",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum215",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000281",
    "code": "HUM216",
    "title": "Introduction to Non-Western Cultures (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 216 - Introduction to Non-Western Cultures (Spring Summer) HUM 216 - Introduction to Non-Western Cultures (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces students to beliefs, historical developments, and forms of creative expression that have shaped cultures in regions outside Europe and North America (non-western). Studies the cultures, values, creative expressions, and historical development of selected non-western regions of the world: Asia, Africa, Middle East, Oceania, or the Pre-Columbian Americas.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15677",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum216",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum216.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000282",
    "code": "HUM256",
    "title": "Comparative Mythology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 256 - Comparative Mythology (Fall Spring Summer) HUM 256 - Comparative Mythology (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Studies the cultural expressions of mythology. Considers selected mythologies representing diverse global culture, with emphasis on parallels and divergences in structure, purpose, and representation in literature and the arts. The assignments in this course require college-level reading, analysis of scholarly studies, and coherent communication through properly cited and formatted written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15354",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum256",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum256.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000283",
    "code": "HUM259",
    "title": "The Greek and Roman Tradition (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 259 - The Greek and Roman Tradition (Check Availability) HUM 259 - The Greek and Roman Tradition (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores the significance of Greek and Roman cultures on the individual and society, expressed prominently from the Classical Age in Athens to its survival during Roman times. Examines the key contributions that the Greeks and Romans have imparted upon storytelling, theater, philosophy, civics, political morphology, and the arts and the impact they have in the modern world. The assignments in this course require college-level reading, analysis of scholarly studies, and coherent communication through properly cited and formatted written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15675",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum259",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum259.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000284",
    "code": "HUM260",
    "title": "Contemporary Humanities (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "HUM 260 - Contemporary Humanities (Check Availability) HUM 260 - Contemporary Humanities (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines selected values and expressions of ideas of western and non-western cultures throughout the twentieth century and beyond, integrating the visual arts, literature, performing arts, religion, and philosophy within the context of history. The assignments in this course require college-level reading, analysis of scholarly studies, and coherent communication through properly cited and formatted written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000513"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15770",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum260",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/hum260.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000285",
    "code": "IND145",
    "title": "Introduction to Metrology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "IND 145 - Introduction to Metrology (Spring Only) IND 145 - Introduction to Metrology (Spring Only) 3 cr. Studies principles of measurement and calibration control, application of statistics to measurement processes, and standards of measurements in calibration. May include the use of gauges and instruments in modern production and dimensional control concepts.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15356",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind145",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind145.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000286",
    "code": "IND160",
    "title": "Introduction to Robotics (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "IND 160 - Introduction to Robotics (Fall Only) IND 160 - Introduction to Robotics (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies evolution and history of robotics with an emphasis on automated and flexible manufacturing. Presents advantages and limitations of present robot systems.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000550"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15760",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind160",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind160.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000287",
    "code": "IND250",
    "title": "Introduction to Basic Computer Integrated Manufacturing (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "IND 250 - Introduction to Basic Computer Integrated Manufacturing (Spring Only) IND 250 - Introduction to Basic Computer Integrated Manufacturing (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents basic principles used in the design and implementation in a computer integrated manufacturing system. Emphasizes team concept and all aspects of a computer integrated manufacturing system to include the following: Robotics, Conveyor Control, Machining Center Integration Quality Control, Statistical Quality Control, and Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) software.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000550"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16833",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind250",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind250.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000288",
    "code": "IND251",
    "title": "Automated Manufacturing Systems I (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "IND 251 - Automated Manufacturing Systems I (Fall Spring) IND 251 - Automated Manufacturing Systems I (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Presents basic principles used in the design and implementation in manufacturing work cells. Includes selection of the robot system, worksite, application cell sensors, development of cycle times, and economic analysis.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15764",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind251",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ind251.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000289",
    "code": "ITD105",
    "title": "Graphic Design for Immerive Interfaces (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 105 - Graphic Design for Immerive Interfaces (Fall Only) ITD 105 - Graphic Design for Immerive Interfaces (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to fundamental graphic design techniques and tools used in the design and development of 2D graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Explores concepts such as document setup, resolution and dpi, file types and formats, compression techniques, color modes and considerations, interface layout and visual hierarchy, stylistic choices for interfaces and interaction, wireframes and mockups, typography, simulation, and perspective drawing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000561"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16836",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd105",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd105.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000290",
    "code": "ITD110",
    "title": "Web Page Design I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 110 - Web Page Design I (Fall Only) ITD 110 - Web Page Design I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Stresses a working knowledge of Web site designs, construction and management using HTML or XHTML. Course content includes headings, lists, links, images, image maps, tables, forms and frames.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152",
      "CSC110"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000558"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15357",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd110",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000291",
    "code": "ITD125",
    "title": "Cognitive Foundations for Interface and Instructional Design (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 125 - Cognitive Foundations for Interface and Instructional Design (Fall Only) ITD 125 - Cognitive Foundations for Interface and Instructional Design (Fall Only) 3 cr. Examines cognitive foundations for interface and instructional design that involve understanding how people learn and process information to create effective and intuitive experiences. Covers key principles including minimizing cognitive load by reducing extraneous information, leveraging cognitive processes like attention and memory, and designing applications and interfaces for the user’s needs and tasks. Provides students with the opportunity to apply these principles to a design that ensures users are able to complete the application tasks efficiently.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000561"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16837",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd125",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd125.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000292",
    "code": "ITD130",
    "title": "Database Fundamentals (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 130 - Database Fundamentals (Fall Only) ITD 130 - Database Fundamentals (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces the student to Relational Database and Relational Database theory. Includes planning, defining and using a database; table design, linking and normalization; types of databases, database description and definition.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152",
      "CSC110"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15359",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd130",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd130.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000293",
    "code": "ITD140",
    "title": "Machine Learning I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 140 - Machine Learning I (Fall Only) ITD 140 - Machine Learning I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces students to artificial intelligence and machine learning. Examines basic theory, algorithms, and applications. Focuses on feature engineering and machine learning applications within the larger world of artificial intelligence. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000536"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15756",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000294",
    "code": "ITD145",
    "title": "Applied Data Science Techniques (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 145 - Applied Data Science Techniques (Fall Only) ITD 145 - Applied Data Science Techniques (Fall Only) 3 cr. Reviews the fundamentals of descriptive and inferential statistics, probability, and distributions, as well as basic dataset manipulation and plotting techniques. Focuses on application to real datasets using graphical user interface (GUI) software tools as well as Python.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000536",
      "laurelridge-000557"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15757",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd145",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd145.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000295",
    "code": "ITD205",
    "title": "Application of Immersive Technology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 205 - Application of Immersive Technology (Spring Only) ITD 205 - Application of Immersive Technology (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides the history, human considerations, and functionality of immersive technologies such as but not limited to virtual reality (VR) systems, augmented reality (AR) systems, mixed reality (MR) systems, graphical user interfaces (GUI), input and output hardware (I/O), and software development environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITD105"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000561"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16838",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd205",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd205.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000296",
    "code": "ITD210",
    "title": "Web Page Design II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 210 - Web Page Design II (Check Availability) ITD 210 - Web Page Design II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Incorporates advanced techniques in Web site planning, design, usability, accessibility, advanced site management and maintenance utilizing Web editor software(s).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITD110"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15362",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000297",
    "code": "ITD225",
    "title": "Designing Learning Experiences for Intelligent and Immersive Systems (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 225 - Designing Learning Experiences for Intelligent and Immersive Systems (Spring Only) ITD 225 - Designing Learning Experiences for Intelligent and Immersive Systems (Spring Only) 3 cr. Provides a theoretical and hands-on introduction to designing learning experiences within intelligent and immersive systems. Investigates how emerging technologies such as extended reality (XR), generative AI, and simulation techniques can transform traditional education, training, and creative media. Blends learning theories and human-computer interaction (HCI) design principles with emerging technologies to create engaging, personalized, and impactful educational environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITD125"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000561"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16839",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd225",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000298",
    "code": "ITD240",
    "title": "Machine Learning II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 240 - Machine Learning II (Spring Only) ITD 240 - Machine Learning II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines theory, algorithms, applications, and issues within the subfield of pattern recognition and machine learning, including feature engineering and extraction, supervised and unsupervised learning. Focuses on theory and practice, with coverage of underlying mathematical and heuristic concepts. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITD140"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000536"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15758",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd240",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd240.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000299",
    "code": "ITD245",
    "title": "Advance Applied Data Science Techniques (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITD 245 - Advance Applied Data Science Techniques (Spring Only) ITD 245 - Advance Applied Data Science Techniques (Spring Only) 3 cr. Surveys Big Data and data analytics, including demonstrations and applications of widely used tools and methods. Offers practice in data extraction and visualization.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITD145"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000536"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15759",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd245",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itd245.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000300",
    "code": "ITE120",
    "title": "Principles of Information Systems (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 120 - Principles of Information Systems (Spring Summer) ITE 120 - Principles of Information Systems (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides an overview of the fundamentals of computer information systems. Focuses on the role of computers in business today including hardware, software, analysis, design and implementation of information systems. Includes an introduction to computer ethics, and business and personal security. Exposes students to techniques used in programming and system development. Utilizes a hands-on component for spreadsheets, databases, and Web design applications.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152",
      "CSC110"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15366",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite120",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite120.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000301",
    "code": "ITE135",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence Awareness (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 135 - Artificial Intelligence Awareness (Fall Only) ITE 135 - Artificial Intelligence Awareness (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides instruction in the basics of artificial intelligence (AI) including the complexities of AI, machine and deep learning, and neural networks. Provides students with a clear understanding of history, terminology, concepts, and mechanisms driving AI technologies. Explores how AI is applied in various occupational fields through a blend of theoretical knowledge and case studies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000536"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16831",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite135",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite135.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000302",
    "code": "ITE142",
    "title": "Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Tools for Business (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 142 - Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Tools for Business (Spring Only) ITE 142 - Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Tools for Business (Spring Only) 3 cr. Explores the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in business. Studies how AI can enhance efficiency, optimize decision-making, and drive innovation in business environments. Includes hands-on projects using AI tools and platforms.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000536"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=16832",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite142",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite142.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000303",
    "code": "ITE152",
    "title": "Introduction to Digital Literacy and Computer Applications (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 152 - Introduction to Digital Literacy and Computer Applications (Fall Spring Summer) ITE 152 - Introduction to Digital Literacy and Computer Applications (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Develops understanding of digital literacy. Introduces basic computer concepts in hardware, software, cyber, cloud, database, and operating systems. Includes hands-on experience developing word processing, spreadsheet and presentation documents. Evaluates the reliability of sources. Covers creating a simple web page. Examines topics such as social, legal, and ethical issues.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000530",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000547",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000556",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15646",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite152",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite152.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000304",
    "code": "ITE170",
    "title": "Multimedia Software (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 170 - Multimedia Software (Check Availability) ITE 170 - Multimedia Software (Check Availability) 3 cr. Explores technical fundamentals of creating multimedia projects with related hardware and software. Students will learn to manage resources required for multimedia production and evaluation and techniques for selection of graphics and multimedia software.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15761",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite170",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite170.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000305",
    "code": "ITE221",
    "title": "PC Hardware and OS Architecture (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 221 - PC Hardware and OS Architecture (Spring Only) ITE 221 - PC Hardware and OS Architecture (Spring Only) 3 cr. Covers instruction about processors, internal functions, peripheral devices, computer organization, memory management, architecture, instruction format, and basic OS architecture.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15367",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite221",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000306",
    "code": "ITE270",
    "title": "Advanced Multimedia Development (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITE 270 - Advanced Multimedia Development (Check Availability) ITE 270 - Advanced Multimedia Development (Check Availability) 3 cr. Refines multimedia skills, focusing on project development using digital media; video clips, still images, and audio (sounds, music, and narration).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE170"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15762",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite270",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/ite270.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000307",
    "code": "ITN100",
    "title": "Introduction to Telecommunications (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 100 - Introduction to Telecommunications (Fall Spring Summer) ITN 100 - Introduction to Telecommunications (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Surveys data transmission systems, communication lines, data sets, network, modes of transmission, protocols, and interfacing. Emphasizes network structure and operation.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MDE10",
      "MTH154"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000542",
      "laurelridge-000552",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15368",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000308",
    "code": "ITN106",
    "title": "Microcomputer Operating Systems (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 106 - Microcomputer Operating Systems (Fall Only) ITN 106 - Microcomputer Operating Systems (Fall Only) 3 cr. Teaches use of operating system utilities and multiple-level directory structures, creation of batch files and configuration of microcomputer environments. May include a study of graphical user interfaces.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15370",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn106",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn106.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000309",
    "code": "ITN107",
    "title": "Personal Computer Hardware & Troubleshooting (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 107 - Personal Computer Hardware & Troubleshooting (Spring Only) ITN 107 - Personal Computer Hardware & Troubleshooting (Spring Only) 3 cr. Includes specially designed instruction to give students a basic knowledge of hardware and software configurations. It includes the installation of various peripheral devices as well as basic system hardware components. Maps to A+ Hardware Certification.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000552"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15371",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn107",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn107.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000310",
    "code": "ITN200",
    "title": "Administration of Network Resources (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 200 - Administration of Network Resources (Fall Only) ITN 200 - Administration of Network Resources (Fall Only) 3 cr. Focuses on the management of local area network servers. Teaches proper structuring of security systems. Explains print queues, disk management and other local area network (LAN) issues. Presents concerns and issues for the purchase and installation of hardware and software upgrades. Can be taught using any network operating system or a range of operating systems as a delivery tool.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000538",
      "laurelridge-000542",
      "laurelridge-000552"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15374",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn200",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn200.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000311",
    "code": "ITN213",
    "title": "Information Storage and Management (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 213 - Information Storage and Management (Spring Only) ITN 213 - Information Storage and Management (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses on advanced storage systems, protocol, and architectures including Storage Area Networks (SAN), Network Attached Storage (NAS), Fibre Channel Networks, Internet Protocol SANs (IPSAN), iSCSI, and Content Addressable Storage (CAS).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000538"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15612",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn213",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn213.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000312",
    "code": "ITN254",
    "title": "Virtual Infrastructure: Installation and Configuration (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ITN 254 - Virtual Infrastructure: Installation and Configuration (Spring Only) ITN 254 - Virtual Infrastructure: Installation and Configuration (Spring Only) 4 cr. Explores concepts and capabilities of virtual architecture with a focus on the installation, configuration, and management of a virtual infrastructure, ESX Server, and Virtual Center. Covers fundamentals of virtual network design and implementation, fundamentals of storage area networks, virtual switching, virtual system management, and engineering for high availability.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000538"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15613",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn254",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn254.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000313",
    "code": "ITN257",
    "title": "Cloud Computing: Infrastructure and Services (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 257 - Cloud Computing: Infrastructure and Services (Fall Only) ITN 257 - Cloud Computing: Infrastructure and Services (Fall Only) 3 cr. Focuses on cloud infrastructure, deployment, security models, and the key considerations in migrating to cloud computing. Covers the technologies and processes required to build traditional, virtualized, and cloud data center environments, including computation, storage, networking, desktop and application virtualization, business continuity, security, and management.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000538",
      "laurelridge-000552"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15614",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn257",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn257.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000314",
    "code": "ITN260",
    "title": "Network Security Basics (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 260 - Network Security Basics (Spring Summer) ITN 260 - Network Security Basics (Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides instruction in the basics of network security in depth. Includes security",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000538",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000542",
      "laurelridge-000552"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15376",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn260",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn260.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000315",
    "code": "ITN261",
    "title": "Network Attacks, Computer Crime & Hacking (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 261 - Network Attacks, Computer Crime & Hacking (Fall Only) ITN 261 - Network Attacks, Computer Crime & Hacking (Fall Only) 3 cr. Encompasses in-depth exploration of various methods for attacking and defending a network. Course content explores network security concepts from the hackers’ viewpoint and their attack methodologies, topics about hackers, attacks, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) malicious code, computer crime and industrial espionage.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000542"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15377",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn261",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn261.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000316",
    "code": "ITN262",
    "title": "Network Communication, Security & Authentication (Fall Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 262 - Network Communication, Security & Authentication (Fall Summer) ITN 262 - Network Communication, Security & Authentication (Fall Summer) 3 cr. Covers an in-depth exploration of various communication protocols with a concentration on TCP/IP. Course content explores communication protocols from the point of view of the hacker in order to highlight protocol weaknesses. Includes internet architecture, routing, addressing, topology, fragmentation and protocol analysis and the use of various utilities to explore TCP/IP.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000542"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15378",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn262",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn262.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000317",
    "code": "ITN263",
    "title": "Internet/Intranet Firewalls & E-Commerce Security (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 263 - Internet/Intranet Firewalls & E-Commerce Security (Spring Only) ITN 263 - Internet/Intranet Firewalls & E-Commerce Security (Spring Only) 3 cr. Conveys an in-depth exploration of firewall, Web security and e-commerce security. Course content explores firewall concepts, types, topology and the firewall’s relationship to the TCP/IP protocol. Also includes client/server architecture, the Web server, HTML and HTTP in relation to Web Security and digital certification, D.509 and public key infrastructure (PKI).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000542"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15379",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn263",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn263.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000318",
    "code": "ITN266",
    "title": "Network Security Layers (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 266 - Network Security Layers (Fall Only) ITN 266 - Network Security Layers (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides an in-depth exploration of various security layers needed to protect the network. Explores network security from the viewpoint of the environment in which the network operates and the necessity to secure that environment to lower the security risk to the network. Includes physical security, personnel security, operating system security, software security and database security.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000542"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15380",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn266",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn266.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000319",
    "code": "ITN267",
    "title": "Legal Topics in Network Security (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 267 - Legal Topics in Network Security (Spring Only) ITN 267 - Legal Topics in Network Security (Spring Only) 3 cr. Conveys an in-depth exploration of the civil and common law issues that apply to network security. Explores statutes, jurisdictional, and constitutional issues related to computer crimes and privacy. Includes rules of evidence, seizure and evidence handling, court presentation and computer privacy in the digital age.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000542"
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    "code": "ITN270",
    "title": "Advanced Linux Network Administration (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 270 - Advanced Linux Network Administration (Spring Only) ITN 270 - Advanced Linux Network Administration (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses instruction on the configuration and administration of the Linux operating system as a network server. Emphasizes the configuration of common network services such as routing, http, DNS, DHCP, ftp, telnet, SMB, NFS, and NIS.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000538",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000552"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15744",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn270",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn270.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000321",
    "code": "ITN276",
    "title": "Computer Forensics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITN 276 - Computer Forensics (Spring Only) ITN 276 - Computer Forensics (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches computer forensic investigation techniques for collecting computer-related evidence at the physical layer from a variety of digital media (hard drives, compact flash and PDAs) and performing analysis at the file system layer.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15382",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn276.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000322",
    "code": "ITN298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ITN 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Summer) ITN 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Summer) 4 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITE152",
      "ITE221",
      "ITP100",
      "ITP270",
      "ITN100",
      "ITN200",
      "ITN260",
      "ITN261",
      "ITN262",
      "ITN266",
      "ITN270"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15383",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itn298",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000323",
    "code": "ITP100",
    "title": "Software Design (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITP 100 - Software Design (Fall Spring Summer) ITP 100 - Software Design (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces principles and practices of software development. Course content includes instruction in critical thinking, problem solving skills and essential programming logic in structured and object-oriented design using contemporary tools.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15384",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp100.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000324",
    "code": "ITP112",
    "title": "Visual Basic.NET I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ITP 112 - Visual Basic.NET I (Spring Only) ITP 112 - Visual Basic.NET I (Spring Only) 4 cr. Concentrates instruction in fundamentals of object-oriented programming using Visual Basic.NET and the .NET framework. Course content emphasizes program construction, algorithm development, coding, debugging and documentation of graphical user interface applications.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITP100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000558"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15385",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp112.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000325",
    "code": "ITP120",
    "title": "Java Programming I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ITP 120 - Java Programming I (Spring Only) ITP 120 - Java Programming I (Spring Only) 4 cr. Entails instruction in fundamentals of object-oriented programming using Java. This course emphasizes program construction, algorithm development, coding, debugging and documentation of console and graphical user interface applications.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITP100"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000558"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15386",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp120",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp120.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000326",
    "code": "ITP150",
    "title": "Python Programming (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITP 150 - Python Programming (Fall Only) ITP 150 - Python Programming (Fall Only) 3 cr. Entails instruction in fundamentals of object-oriented programming using Python. Emphasizes program construction, algorithm development, coding, debugging, and documentation of Python applications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000558"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15678",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp150",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp150.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000327",
    "code": "ITP160",
    "title": "Introduction to Game Design & Development (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "ITP 160 - Introduction to Game Design & Development (Fall Only) ITP 160 - Introduction to Game Design & Development (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces object-oriented game design and development. Provides overview of the electronic game design and development process and underlines the historical contest, content creation strategies, game careers, and future trends in the industry. Utilizes a game language environment to introduce game design, object-oriented paradigms, software design, software development and product testing. Teaches skills of writing a game design document and creating a game with several levels and objects. Integrate 2D animations, 3D models, sound effects, and background music as well as graphic backgrounds.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000561"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15387",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000328",
    "code": "ITP251",
    "title": "Systems Analysis and Design (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ITP 251 - Systems Analysis and Design (Spring Only) ITP 251 - Systems Analysis and Design (Spring Only) 4 cr. Focuses on application of information technologies (IT) to system life cycle methodology, systems analysis, systems design and system implementation practices. Methodologies related to identification of information requirements, feasibility in the areas of economic, technical and social requirements and related issues are included in course content. Software applications may be used to enhance student skills.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITN100",
      "ITN107",
      "ITP100",
      "ITD110",
      "ITD130",
      "ITE120"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000504"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15391",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp251",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/itp251.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000329",
    "code": "ITP270",
    "title": "Programming for Cybersecurity (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "ITP 270 - Programming for Cybersecurity (Spring Only) ITP 270 - Programming for Cybersecurity (Spring Only) 4 cr. Teaches scripting and programming techniques for automating security tasks such as network monitoring and penetration testing using a high-level programming language common to cybersecurity professionals. Includes how to write custom tools and the basics of developing software exploits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ITP100",
      "CSC221"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000558"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15392",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000330",
    "code": "LAT201",
    "title": "Intermediate Latin I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LAT 201 - Intermediate Latin I (Check Availability) LAT 201 - Intermediate Latin I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and introduces complex sentence structures. Classes may be conducted in target language. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "LAT102"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15400",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lat201",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000331",
    "code": "LAT202",
    "title": "Intermediate Latin II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LAT 202 - Intermediate Latin II (Check Availability) LAT 202 - Intermediate Latin II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and emphasizes complex sentence structures. Classes may be conducted in the target language. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "LAT201"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15401",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lat202",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lat202.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000332",
    "code": "LGL110",
    "title": "Introduction to the Law and the Paralegal (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 110 - Introduction to the Law and the Paralegal (Fall Only) LGL 110 - Introduction to the Law and the Paralegal (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces various areas of law in which a paralegal may be employed. Includes study of the court system (Virginia and federal); a brief overview of criminal law, torts, family law, evidence, the U.C.C., contracts, and ethics; the role of the paralegal; and other areas of interest.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15402",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl110",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000333",
    "code": "LGL115",
    "title": "Real Estate Law for Legal Assistants (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 115 - Real Estate Law for Legal Assistants (Fall Only) LGL 115 - Real Estate Law for Legal Assistants (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies law of real property and gives in-depth survey of the more common types of real estate transactions and conveyances such as deeds, contracts, leases and deeds of trust. Focuses on drafting these various instruments and studies the system of recording and search of public documents.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15403",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl115",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000334",
    "code": "LGL117",
    "title": "Family Law (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 117 - Family Law (Fall Only) LGL 117 - Family Law (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies elements of a valid marriage, grounds for divorce and annulment, separation, defenses, custody, support, adoptions and applicable tax consequences. Includes property settlement, pre- and ante-nuptial agreements, pleadings and rules of procedure.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15404",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl117",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000335",
    "code": "LGL125",
    "title": "Legal Research (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 125 - Legal Research (Fall Only) LGL 125 - Legal Research (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides an understanding of various components of a law library and emphasizes research skills through the use of digests, encyclopedias, reporter systems, codes, Shepard’s Citations, ALR and other research tools.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15405",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl125",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000336",
    "code": "LGL126",
    "title": "Legal Writing (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 126 - Legal Writing (Spring Only) LGL 126 - Legal Writing (Spring Only) 3 cr. Studies proper preparation of various legal documents, including case and appeal briefs, legal memoranda, letters and pleadings. Involves practical applications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15406",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl126",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl126.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000337",
    "code": "LGL130",
    "title": "Law Office Administration & Management (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 130 - Law Office Administration & Management (Spring Only) LGL 130 - Law Office Administration & Management (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces management principles and systems applicable to law firms, including record keeping, disbursements, escrow accounts, billing and purchasing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15407",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl130",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl130.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000338",
    "code": "LGL200",
    "title": "Ethics for the Legal Assistant (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "LGL 200 - Ethics for the Legal Assistant (Spring Only) LGL 200 - Ethics for the Legal Assistant (Spring Only) 1 cr. Examines general principles of ethical conduct applicable to the legal assistant. Includes the application of rules of ethics to the practicing legal assistant.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15408",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl200",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000339",
    "code": "LGL215",
    "title": "Torts (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 215 - Torts (Fall Only) LGL 215 - Torts (Fall Only) 3 cr. Studies fundamental principles of the law of torts, including preparation and use of pleadings and other documents involved in the trial of a civil action. Emphasizes personal injury and medical malpractice cases.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15409",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl215",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000340",
    "code": "LGL216",
    "title": "Trial Preparation and Discovery Practice (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 216 - Trial Preparation and Discovery Practice (Spring Only) LGL 216 - Trial Preparation and Discovery Practice (Spring Only) 3 cr. Examines the trial process, including the preparation of a trial notebook, pretrial motions, and orders.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15410",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl216",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000341",
    "code": "LGL217",
    "title": "Trial Practice and the Law of Evidence (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 217 - Trial Practice and the Law of Evidence (Spring Only) LGL 217 - Trial Practice and the Law of Evidence (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces civil and criminal evidence; kinds, degrees and admissibility of evidence; and methods and techniques of its acquisition. Emphasizes Virginia and federal rules of evidence. Focuses on elements of a trial and various problems associated with the trial of a civil or criminal case.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15411",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000342",
    "code": "LGL218",
    "title": "Criminal Law (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 218 - Criminal Law (Fall Only) LGL 218 - Criminal Law (Fall Only) 3 cr. Focuses on major crimes, including their classification, elements of proof, intent, conspiracy, responsibility, parties and defenses. Emphasizes Virginia law. May include general principles of applicable constitutional law and criminal procedure.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15412",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000343",
    "code": "LGL225",
    "title": "Estate Planning and Probate (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 225 - Estate Planning and Probate (Spring Only) LGL 225 - Estate Planning and Probate (Spring Only) 3 cr. Introduces various devices used to plan an estate, including wills, trust, joint ownership and insurance. Considers various plans in light of family situations and estate",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15413",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000344",
    "code": "LGL230",
    "title": "Legal Transactions (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 230 - Legal Transactions (Spring Only) LGL 230 - Legal Transactions (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents an in-depth study of general contract law, including formation, breach, enforcement, and remedies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000530"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15414",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000345",
    "code": "LGL235",
    "title": "Legal Aspects of Business Organizations (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 235 - Legal Aspects of Business Organizations (Spring Only) LGL 235 - Legal Aspects of Business Organizations (Spring Only) 3 cr. Studies fundamental principles of agency law and the formation of business organizations. Includes sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporation, limited liability companies, and other business entities. Reviews preparation of the documents necessary for the organization and operation of businesses.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15415",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl235.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000346",
    "code": "LGL298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "LGL 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) LGL 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) 3 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the students’ occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000509"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15419",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/lgl298.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000347",
    "code": "MDE10",
    "title": "Introduction to Algebra (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MDE 10 - Introduction to Algebra (Fall Spring Summer) MDE 10 - Introduction to Algebra (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Covers topics in arithmetic through introduction to variables and equations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15666",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mde10",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mde10.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000348",
    "code": "MDE54",
    "title": "Learning Support for Quantitative Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MDE 54 - Learning Support for Quantitative Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) MDE 54 - Learning Support for Quantitative Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides support to ensure success for students co-enrolled in Quantitative Reasoning ( MTH 154 ). Course will review foundational topics through direct instruction, guided practice, and individualized support.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MDE10"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15667",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000349",
    "code": "MDE60",
    "title": "Intermediate Algebra (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MDE 60 - Intermediate Algebra (Fall Spring Summer) MDE 60 - Intermediate Algebra (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Covers topics in algebra.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000506"
    ],
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    "code": "MDL125",
    "title": "Clinical Hematology I (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 5,
    "description": "MDL 125 - Clinical Hematology I (Spring Only) MDL 125 - Clinical Hematology I (Spring Only) 3 cr. Teaches the cellular elements of blood, including blood cell formation and routine hematological procedures.",
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    "code": "MDL210",
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    "hours": 5,
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      "laurelridge-000506"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15465",
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    "code": "MDL216",
    "title": "Blood Banking (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 5,
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      "laurelridge-000506"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15466",
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    "code": "MDL225",
    "title": "Clinical Hematology II (Fall Only)",
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    "hours": 5,
    "description": "MDL 225 - Clinical Hematology II (Fall Only) MDL 225 - Clinical Hematology II (Fall Only) 3 cr. Teaches advanced study of blood to include coagulation, abnormal bloody formation, and changes seen in various diseases.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "laurelridge-000506"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15467",
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    "code": "MDL252",
    "title": "Clinical Microbiology (Fall Only)",
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    "hours": 7,
    "description": "MDL 252 - Clinical Microbiology (Fall Only) MDL 252 - Clinical Microbiology (Fall Only) 3 cr. Teaches handling, isolation, and identification of pathogenic microorganisms. Emphasizes clinical techniques of bacteriology, mycology, parasitology and virology.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15468",
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    "code": "MDL261",
    "title": "Clinical Chemistry and Instrumentation I (Fall Only)",
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    "hours": 6,
    "description": "MDL 261 - Clinical Chemistry and Instrumentation I (Fall Only) MDL 261 - Clinical Chemistry and Instrumentation I (Fall Only) 4 cr. Introduces methods of performing biochemical analysis of clinical specimens. Teaches instrumentation involved in a clinical chemistry laboratory, quality control, and the ability to recognize technical problems.",
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      "MDL125",
      "MDL210"
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    "code": "MDL281",
    "title": "Clinical Correlations (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 1,
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    "code": "MDL290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship in Blood Bank (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 6,
    "description": "MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Blood Bank (Spring Only) MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Blood Bank (Spring Only) 2 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the college.",
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    "code": "MDL290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship in Clinical Chemistry (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 6,
    "description": "MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Clinical Chemistry (Spring Only) MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Clinical Chemistry (Spring Only) 2 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the college.",
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      "laurelridge-000506"
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    "code": "MDL290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship in Clinical Hematology (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 6,
    "description": "MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Clinical Hematology (Spring Only) MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Clinical Hematology (Spring Only) 2 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the College.",
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      "laurelridge-000506"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15641",
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    "code": "MDL290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship in Clinical Microbiology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 6,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Clinical Microbiology (Spring Only) MDL 290 - Coordinated Internship in Clinical Microbiology (Spring Only) 2 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the College.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000506"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15471",
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    "code": "MEC103",
    "title": "Electronic Circuits and Instrumentation (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "MEC 103 - Electronic Circuits and Instrumentation (Fall Only) MEC 103 - Electronic Circuits and Instrumentation (Fall Only) 4 cr. Designed for non-majors. Covers electronic circuits, devices, instrumentation and basic communications, DC and AC theory, introduction to power supplies, amplifiers, and measurement devices.",
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "MEC111",
    "title": "Materials for Industry (Check Availability)",
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    "hours": 3,
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    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15453",
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    "code": "MEC112",
    "title": "Processes of Industry (Check Availability)",
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    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MEC 112 - Processes of Industry (Check Availability) MEC 112 - Processes of Industry (Check Availability) 3 cr. Analyzes the processes of manufacturing products from materials for industry/engineering. Includes machining, casting, forming, molding, hot/cold working, chipless machining, and welding. Addresses quality assurance and inspection procedures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15454",
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    "code": "MEC113",
    "title": "Materials and Processes of Industry (Spring Only)",
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    "hours": 4,
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000369",
    "code": "MEC165",
    "title": "Applied Hydraulics, Pneumatics and Hydrostatics",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "MEC 165 - Applied Hydraulics, Pneumatics and Hydrostatics MEC 165 - Applied Hydraulics, Pneumatics and Hydrostatics 3 cr. Teaches fluid power system design, operation, testing, maintenance and repair. Includes reservoirs, pump connecting valves, cylinders, pressure regulating valves, flow control valves, hydraulic motors, and introduction to basic hydrostatic hydraulic systems.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15702",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000370",
    "code": "MEC253",
    "title": "Preventative and Predictive Maintenance (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "MEC 253 - Preventative and Predictive Maintenance (Fall Spring) MEC 253 - Preventative and Predictive Maintenance (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Presents the concepts of preventative and predictive maintenance needed to increase machine up-time and reliability, product quality, and plant productivity.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15767",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000371",
    "code": "MEC290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MEC 290 - Coordinated Internship (Fall Spring Summer) MEC 290 - Coordinated Internship (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the college. Total Credit/practice ratio not to exceed 1:5 hours. May be repeated for credit. Variable hours.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
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      "laurelridge-000502"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15755",
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    "code": "MKT110",
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    "hours": 3,
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    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
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    "id": "laurelridge-000373",
    "code": "MKT201",
    "title": "Introduction to Marketing (Fall Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MKT 201 - Introduction to Marketing (Fall Summer) MKT 201 - Introduction to Marketing (Fall Summer) 3 cr. Introduces students to the discipline of marketing and the need to create customer value and relationships in the marketplace. Presents an overview of the marketing principles and management strategies, along with the analytical tools used by organizations in the creation of a marketing plan.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
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      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000556"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15750",
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    "code": "MKT271",
    "title": "Consumer Behavior (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MKT 271 - Consumer Behavior (Fall Only) MKT 271 - Consumer Behavior (Fall Only) 3 cr. Examines the various influences affecting consumer buying behavior before, during and after product purchase. Describes personal, societal, cultural, environmental, group and economic determinants on consumer buying.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000546"
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    "code": "MTH120",
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    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "MTH 120 - Math for Elementary & Middle School Educators (Fall Only) MTH 120 - Math for Elementary & Middle School Educators (Fall Only) 4 cr. Provides a comprehensive and conceptual examination of fundamental mathematical concepts covered in VDOE K-8 Standards of Learning (SOLs). Designed for future K-8 mathematics educators. Emphasizes problem-solving, logical reasoning, the establishment of connections between mathematical concepts, effective communication of mathematical ideas, and the utilization of multiple representations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000517"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15784",
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    "code": "MTH130",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 130 - Fundamentals of Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 130 - Fundamentals of Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents elementary concepts of algebra, linear graphing, financial literacy, descriptive statistics, measurement and geometry. Based on college programs being supported by this course, colleges may opt to add additional topics such as logic or trigonometry.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000505"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15435",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000377",
    "code": "MTH131",
    "title": "Technical Mathematics (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 131 - Technical Mathematics (Fall Only) MTH 131 - Technical Mathematics (Fall Only) 3 cr. Presents algebra through unit conversion, trigonometry, vectors, geometry, and complex numbers.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15436",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000378",
    "code": "MTH154",
    "title": "Quantitative Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 154 - Quantitative Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 154 - Quantitative Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents topics in proportional reasoning, modeling, financial literacy and validity studies (logic and set theory). Focuses on the process of taking a real-world situation, identifying the mathematical foundation needed to address the problem, solving the problem and applying what is learned to the original situation.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
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      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000379",
    "code": "MTH155",
    "title": "Statistical Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 155 - Statistical Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 155 - Statistical Reasoning (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents elementary statistical methods and concepts including visual data presentation, descriptive statistics, probability, estimation, hypothesis testing, correlation and linear regression. Emphasis is placed on the development of statistical thinking, simulation, and the use of statistical software.",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "MTH245"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth155",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000380",
    "code": "MTH161",
    "title": "Precalculus I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 161 - Precalculus I (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 161 - Precalculus I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents topics in power, polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions, and systems of equations and inequalities.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MDE60",
      "MDE61",
      "MTH167"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15440",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth161",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth161.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000381",
    "code": "MTH162",
    "title": "Precalculus II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 162 - Precalculus II (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 162 - Precalculus II (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents trigonometry, trigonometric applications including Law of Sines and Cosines and an introduction to conics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161",
      "MTH167"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15441",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth162",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth162.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000382",
    "code": "MTH167",
    "title": "Precalculus with Trigonometry (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "MTH 167 - Precalculus with Trigonometry (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 167 - Precalculus with Trigonometry (Fall Spring Summer) 5 cr. Presents topics in power, polynomial, rational, exponential, and logarithmic functions, systems of equations, trigonometry, and trigonometric applications, including Law of Sines and Cosines, and an introduction to conics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161",
      "MTH162"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15442",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth167",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth167.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000383",
    "code": "MTH245",
    "title": "Statistics I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 245 - Statistics I (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 245 - Statistics I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents an overview of statistics, including descriptive statistics, elementary probability, probability distributions, estimation, hypothesis testing, correlation, and linear regression. Credit will not be awarded for both MTH 155 and MTH 245 or equivalent in the same academic plan.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH154",
      "MTH161"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15443",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth245",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth245.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000384",
    "code": "MTH246",
    "title": "Statistics II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 246 - Statistics II (Spring Only) MTH 246 - Statistics II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Continues the study of estimation and hypothesis testing with emphasis on advanced regression topics, experimental design, analysis of variance, chi-square tests and non-parametric methods.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH245"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000522"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15444",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth246",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth246.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000385",
    "code": "MTH261",
    "title": "Applied Calculus I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 261 - Applied Calculus I (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 261 - Applied Calculus I (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces limits, continuity, differentiation and integration of algebraic, exponential and logarithmic functions, and techniques of integration with an emphasis on applications in business, social sciences and life sciences.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15445",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth261",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth261.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000386",
    "code": "MTH263",
    "title": "Calculus I (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "MTH 263 - Calculus I (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 263 - Calculus I (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Presents concepts of limits, derivatives, differentiation of various types of functions and use of differentiation rules, application of differentiation, antiderivatives, integrals and applications of integration.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH167",
      "MTH161",
      "MTH162"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15447",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth263",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth263.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000387",
    "code": "MTH264",
    "title": "Calculus II (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "MTH 264 - Calculus II (Fall Spring Summer) MTH 264 - Calculus II (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Continues the study of calculus of algebraic and transcendental functions including rectangular, polar, and parametric graphing, indefinite and definite integrals, methods of integration, and power series along with applications. Features instruction for mathematical, physical and engineering science programs.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH263"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15448",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth264",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth264.md"
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    "id": "laurelridge-000388",
    "code": "MTH265",
    "title": "Calculus III (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "MTH 265 - Calculus III (Fall Spring) MTH 265 - Calculus III (Fall Spring) 4 cr. Focuses on extending the concepts of function, limit, continuity, derivative, integral and vector from the plane to the three dimensional space. Covers topics including vector functions, multivariate functions, partial derivatives, multiple integrals and an introduction to vector calculus.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH264"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000523"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15449",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth265",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth265.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000389",
    "code": "MTH266",
    "title": "Linear Algebra (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 266 - Linear Algebra (Fall Spring) MTH 266 - Linear Algebra (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Covers matrices, vector spaces, determinants, solutions of systems of linear equations, basis and dimension, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH263",
      "MTH264"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15450",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth266",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth266.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000390",
    "code": "MTH267",
    "title": "Differential Equations (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 267 - Differential Equations (Fall Spring) MTH 267 - Differential Equations (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces ordinary differential equations. Includes first order differential equations, second and higher order ordinary differential equations with applications and numerical methods.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH264"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000523"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15451",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth267",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth267.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000391",
    "code": "MTH288",
    "title": "Discrete Mathematics (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 288 - Discrete Mathematics (Spring Only) MTH 288 - Discrete Mathematics (Spring Only) 3 cr. Presents topics in sets, counting, graphs, logic, proofs, functions, relations, mathematical induction, Boolean Algebra, and recurrence relations.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH263"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15452",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth288",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth288.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000392",
    "code": "MTH298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MTH 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) MTH 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) 3 cr. Data Visualization and Storytelling with Tableau Presents visualization techniques and data summarization skills using Tableau to prepare students to communicate the implications of data analysis. Introduces techniques of data cleaning and organization using Tableau. Examines the difference between well-structured and poorly formatted data. Explores the creation of common visualizations best suited for answering questions from a student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH245"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000522"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15775",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth298",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mth298.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000393",
    "code": "MUS111",
    "title": "Music Theory I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "MUS 111 - Music Theory I (Check Availability) MUS 111 - Music Theory I (Check Availability) 4 cr. Discusses elements of musical construction of scales, intervals, triads, and chord progressions. Develops ability to sing at sight and write from dictation. Introduces the analysis of the Bach chorale style. Expands facility with harmonic dictation and enables the student to use these techniques at the keyboard.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15472",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mus111",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mus111.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000394",
    "code": "MUS112",
    "title": "Music Theory II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "MUS 112 - Music Theory II (Check Availability) MUS 112 - Music Theory II (Check Availability) 4 cr. Discusses elements of musical construction of scales, intervals, triads, and chord progressions. Develops ability to sing at sight and write from dictation. Introduces the analysis of the Bach chorale style. Expands facility with harmonic dictation and enables the student to use these techniques at the keyboard.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15473",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mus112",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mus112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000395",
    "code": "MUS121",
    "title": "Music in Society (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "MUS 121 - Music in Society (Fall Spring Summer) MUS 121 - Music in Society (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Explores the language of music through an introduction to basic elements, forms and styles across time. Acquaints students with composers’ lives and influential creative individualities, discovering representative works and milestones in western society. Develops techniques for listening analytically and critically. Reviews historical development and significance of art music within the context of evolving societal structures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15474",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mus121",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/mus121.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000396",
    "code": "NAS125",
    "title": "Meteorology (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "NAS 125 - Meteorology (Check Availability) NAS 125 - Meteorology (Check Availability) 4 cr. Presents a non-technical survey of fundamental meteorology. Focuses on the effects of weather and climate on humans and their activities.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15479",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nas125",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nas125.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000397",
    "code": "NSG100",
    "title": "Introduction to Nursing Concepts (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "NSG 100 - Introduction to Nursing Concepts (Fall Only) NSG 100 - Introduction to Nursing Concepts (Fall Only) 4 cr. Introduces concepts of nursing practice and conceptual learning. Focuses on basic nursing concepts with an emphasis on safe nursing practice and the development of the nursing process. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO141"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15482",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg100.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000398",
    "code": "NSG106",
    "title": "Competencies for Nursing Practice (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "NSG 106 - Competencies for Nursing Practice (Fall Only) NSG 106 - Competencies for Nursing Practice (Fall Only) 2 cr. Focuses on the application of concepts through clinical skill development. Emphasizes the use of clinical judgment in skill acquisition. Includes principles of safety, evidence-based practice, informatics and math computational skills. Prepares students to demonstrate competency in specific skills and drug dosage calculation including the integration of skills in the care of clients in simulated settings. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MDE10",
      "MTH154",
      "BIO141"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15483",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg106",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg106.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000399",
    "code": "NSG115",
    "title": "Healthcare Concepts for Transition (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "NSG 115 - Healthcare Concepts for Transition (Check Availability) NSG 115 - Healthcare Concepts for Transition (Check Availability) 5 cr. Focuses on role transition from Licensed Practical Nurse to Registered Professional Nurse. Incorporates concepts of nursing practice and conceptual learning to promote health and wellness across the lifespan. Uses clinical judgment to explore care delivery for selected diverse populations with common and predictable illnesses. Emphasizes the use of clinical judgment in skill acquisition.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO141",
      "BIO142",
      "ENG111",
      "PSY230",
      "SDV100",
      "SDV101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15484",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg115",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg115.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000400",
    "code": "NSG130",
    "title": "Professional Nursing Concepts (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "NSG 130 - Professional Nursing Concepts (Fall Only) NSG 130 - Professional Nursing Concepts (Fall Only) 1 cr. Introduces the role of the professional nurse and fundamental concepts in professional development. Focuses on professional identity, legal/ethical issues and contemporary trends in professional nursing.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO141"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15485",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg130",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg130.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000401",
    "code": "NSG152",
    "title": "Health Care Participant (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "NSG 152 - Health Care Participant (Spring Only) NSG 152 - Health Care Participant (Spring Only) 3 cr. Focuses on the health and wellness of diverse individuals, families, and the community throughout the lifespan. Covers concepts that focus on client attributes and preferences regarding healthcare. Emphasizes population-focused care. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or cooperating agencies, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO142",
      "NSG100",
      "NSG106",
      "NSG130",
      "NSG200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15486",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg152",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg152.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000402",
    "code": "NSG170",
    "title": "Health/Illness Concepts (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 6,
    "hours": 10,
    "description": "NSG 170 - Health/Illness Concepts (Spring Only) NSG 170 - Health/Illness Concepts (Spring Only) 6 cr. Focuses on the nursing care of individuals and/or families throughout the lifespan with an emphasis on health and illness concepts. Includes concepts of nursing care for the antepartum client and clients with common and predictable illnesses. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO142",
      "BIO232",
      "NSG100",
      "NSG106",
      "NSG130",
      "NSG200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15487",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg170",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg170.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000403",
    "code": "NSG200",
    "title": "Health Promotion and Assessment (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "NSG 200 - Health Promotion and Assessment (Fall Spring) NSG 200 - Health Promotion and Assessment (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces assessment and health promotion for the individual and family. Includes assessment of infants, children, adults, geriatric clients and pregnant females. Emphasizes health history and the acquisition of physical assessment skills with underlying concepts of development, communication, and health promotion. Prepares students to demonstrate competency in the assessment of clients across the lifespan. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO141"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15488",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000404",
    "code": "NSG210",
    "title": "Health Care Concepts I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "NSG 210 - Health Care Concepts I (Fall Only) NSG 210 - Health Care Concepts I (Fall Only) 5 cr. Focuses on care of clients across the lifespan in multiple settings including concepts related to physiological health alterations and reproduction. Emphasizes the nursing process in the development of clinical judgment for clients with multiple needs. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO150",
      "NSG152",
      "NSG170"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15489",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg210.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000405",
    "code": "NSG211",
    "title": "Health Care Concepts II (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "NSG 211 - Health Care Concepts II (Fall Only) NSG 211 - Health Care Concepts II (Fall Only) 5 cr. Focuses on care of clients across the lifespan in multiple settings including concepts related to psychological and physiological health alterations. Emphasizes the nursing process in the development of clinical judgment for clients with multiple needs. Provides supervised learning experiences in college nursing laboratories, clinical/community settings, and/or simulated environments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIO150",
      "NSG152",
      "NSG170"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15490",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg211",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg211.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000406",
    "code": "NSG230",
    "title": "Advanced Professional Nursing Concepts (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "NSG 230 - Advanced Professional Nursing Concepts (Spring Only) NSG 230 - Advanced Professional Nursing Concepts (Spring Only) 2 cr. Develops the role of the professional nurse in the healthcare environment in preparation for practice as a registered nurse. Introduces leadership and management concepts and focuses on the integration of professional behaviors in a variety of healthcare settings.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NSG210",
      "NSG211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15491",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg230",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg230.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000407",
    "code": "NSG252",
    "title": "Complex Health Care Concepts (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "NSG 252 - Complex Health Care Concepts (Spring Only) NSG 252 - Complex Health Care Concepts (Spring Only) 4 cr. Focuses on nursing care of diverse individuals and families integrating complex health concepts. Emphasizes clinical judgment, patient-centered care and collaboration.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NSG210",
      "NSG211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15492",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg252",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg252.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000408",
    "code": "NSG270",
    "title": "Nursing Capstone (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 12,
    "description": "NSG 270 - Nursing Capstone (Spring Only) NSG 270 - Nursing Capstone (Spring Only) 4 cr. Provides students with the opportunity to comprehensively apply and integrate learned concepts from previous nursing courses into a capstone experience. Emphasizes the mastery of patient- centered care, safety, nursing judgment, professional behaviors, informatics, quality improvement, and collaboration in the achievement of optimal",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NSG210",
      "NSG211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15493",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg270",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nsg270.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000409",
    "code": "NUR27",
    "title": "Nurse Aide Program (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "NUR 27 - Nurse Aide Program (Fall Spring Summer) NUR 27 - Nurse Aide Program (Fall Spring Summer) 5 cr. Teaches care of older patients with emphasis on the social, emotional and spiritual needs. Covers procedures; communication and interpersonal relations; observations, charting and reporting; safety and infection control; anatomy and physiology; personal care, nutrition and feeding and death and dying. Includes both classroom lecture and laboratory or clinical hours per week.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MDE10",
      "MTH154"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000553"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15494",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nur27",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/nur27.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000410",
    "code": "PHI100",
    "title": "Introduction to Philosophy (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PHI 100 - Introduction to Philosophy (Fall Spring Summer) PHI 100 - Introduction to Philosophy (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Presents an introduction to philosophical problems and perspectives with emphasis on the systematic questioning of basic assumptions about meaning, knowledge, reality, and values. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15495",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000411",
    "code": "PHI111",
    "title": "Logic (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PHI 111 - Logic (Fall Spring) PHI 111 - Logic (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces inductive and deductive reasoning, with an emphasis on common errors and fallacies. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15663",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi111",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi111.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000412",
    "code": "PHI220",
    "title": "Ethics and Society (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PHI 220 - Ethics and Society (Fall Spring Summer) PHI 220 - Ethics and Society (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Provides a systematic study of representative ethical concepts and theories and discusses their application to concrete moral dilemmas and social issues and problems.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000494",
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000505",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15497",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi220",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000413",
    "code": "PHI227",
    "title": "Bio-Medical Ethics (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PHI 227 - Bio-Medical Ethics (Fall Spring Summer) PHI 227 - Bio-Medical Ethics (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Examines the ethical implications of specific biomedical issues in the context of major ethical systems.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000529"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15498",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi227",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phi227.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000414",
    "code": "PHY100",
    "title": "Elements of Physics (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PHY 100 - Elements of Physics (Fall Spring Summer) PHY 100 - Elements of Physics (Fall Spring Summer) 4 cr. Covers basic concepts of physics, including Newtonian mechanics, properties of matter, heat transfer, waves, fundamental behavior of gases, optics, ionizing radiation, and fundamentals of electricity and magnetism. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency, coherent written communication, application of arithmetic, exponents, and algebraic skills such as solving for an unknown variable in an equation, and finding the slope and intercept from the equation of a line.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15697",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy100",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000415",
    "code": "PHY150",
    "title": "Elements of Astronomy (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PHY 150 - Elements of Astronomy (Check Availability) PHY 150 - Elements of Astronomy (Check Availability) 4 cr. Covers history of astronomy and its recent developments. Stresses the use of astronomical instruments and measuring techniques and includes the study and observation of the solar system, stars, and galaxies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15526",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy150",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy150.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000416",
    "code": "PHY201",
    "title": "General College Physics I (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PHY 201 - General College Physics I (Fall Spring) PHY 201 - General College Physics I (Fall Spring) 4 cr. Covers classical mechanics and thermodynamics. Includes kinematics, Newton’s laws of motion, work, energy, momentum, rotational kinematics, dynamic and static equilibrium, elasticity, gravitation, fluids, simple harmonic motion, calorimetry, ideal gas law, and the laws of thermodynamics. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH161",
      "MTH167"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15527",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy201",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000417",
    "code": "PHY202",
    "title": "General College Physics II (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PHY 202 - General College Physics II (Fall Spring) PHY 202 - General College Physics II (Fall Spring) 4 cr. Covers waves, electromagnetism, optics, and modern physics. Includes mechanical waves, sound, electrostatics, Ohm’s law and DC circuits, magnetic forces and magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, ray optics, wave optics, and selected topics of modern physics. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHY201",
      "MTH162",
      "MTH167"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15528",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy202",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000418",
    "code": "PHY241",
    "title": "University Physics I (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PHY 241 - University Physics I (Fall Spring) PHY 241 - University Physics I (Fall Spring) 4 cr. Covers classical mechanics and thermodynamics. Includes kinematics, Newton’s laws of motion, work, energy, momentum, rotational kinematics, dynamics and static equilibrium, elasticity, gravitation, fluids, simple harmonic motion, calorimetry, ideal gas law, and the laws of thermodynamics. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MTH263"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15529",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy241",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy241.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000419",
    "code": "PHY242",
    "title": "University Physics II (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PHY 242 - University Physics II (Fall Spring) PHY 242 - University Physics II (Fall Spring) 4 cr. Covers waves, electromagnetism and optics. Includes mechanical waves and sound, electrostatics, Ohm’s law and DC circuits, magnetic forces and magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, AC circuits, ray optics, and wave optics. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHY241",
      "MTH264"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15530",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy242",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy242.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000420",
    "code": "PHY243",
    "title": "Modern Physics (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PHY 243 - Modern Physics (Check Availability) PHY 243 - Modern Physics (Check Availability) 3 cr. Covers principles of modern physics including in-depth coverage of relativity, quantum physics, solid state, and nuclear physics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHY242"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15531",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy243",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy243.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000421",
    "code": "PHY244",
    "title": "Modern Physics Lab (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PHY 244 - Modern Physics Lab (Check Availability) PHY 244 - Modern Physics Lab (Check Availability) 1 cr. Introduces various methods and procedures used in modern physics experiments. Covers the general experimentation and modeling techniques for topics such as an introduction to the theory of relativity, elementary quantum theory, and its applications to atomic and nuclear physics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHY242"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15729",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy244",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/phy244.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000422",
    "code": "PLS135",
    "title": "U.S. Government and Politics (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PLS 135 - U.S. Government and Politics (Fall Spring Summer) PLS 135 - U.S. Government and Politics (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Teaches the political structure, processes, institutions, and policymaking of the U.S. national government. Focuses on the three branches of government, their interrelationships, and how they shape policy. Addresses federalism; civil liberties and civil rights; political socialization and participation; public opinion, the media; interest groups; political parties; elections; and policymaking. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000509",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15532",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pls135",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pls135.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000423",
    "code": "PLS136",
    "title": "State and Local Government and Politics (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PLS 136 - State and Local Government and Politics (Check Availability) PLS 136 - State and Local Government and Politics (Check Availability) 3 cr. Teaches structure, powers, and functions of state and local government in the United States as related to federalism; constitutionalism; elections; powers of legislative, executive, and judicial powers of state and local government; state-local-federal relations; fiscal matters; metropolitan issues; and policy issues, like health, education, criminal justice and welfare. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15774",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pls136",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pls136.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000424",
    "code": "PLS241",
    "title": "Introduction to International Relations (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PLS 241 - Introduction to International Relations (Check Availability) PLS 241 - Introduction to International Relations (Check Availability) 3 cr. Provides an intriduction to the causes of international conflict and cooperation. Focuses on the modern state, diplomacy, ar initiation, crisis bargaining, international terrorism, nuclear strategy, intersate economic relations, economic growth, international law, human rights, and environmental politics.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG111"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15533",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pls241.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000425",
    "code": "PNE136",
    "title": "Care of Maternal Newborn & Pediatric Patients (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "PNE 136 - Care of Maternal Newborn & Pediatric Patients (Spring Only) PNE 136 - Care of Maternal Newborn & Pediatric Patients (Spring Only) 4 cr. Uses a family-centered approach; studies normal and common complications in pregnancy, childbirth, post-partum, the neonate, and children through adolescence. Covers milestones in all aspects of growth and development and common childhood disorders at various ages.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15534",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne136.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000426",
    "code": "PNE158",
    "title": "Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "PNE 158 - Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (Summer Only) PNE 158 - Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (Summer Only) 2 cr. Recognizes emotional needs of patients. Provides knowledge of the role that emotions play. Enables students to understand their own behavior as well as patient behavior.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PNE162"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15537",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne158.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000427",
    "code": "PNE161",
    "title": "Nursing in Health Changes I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 6,
    "hours": 12,
    "description": "PNE 161 - Nursing in Health Changes I (Fall Only) PNE 161 - Nursing in Health Changes I (Fall Only) 6 cr. Focuses on nursing situations and procedures necessary to assist individuals in meeting special needs related to human functions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15538",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne161.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000428",
    "code": "PNE162",
    "title": "Nursing in Health Changes II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 11,
    "hours": 21,
    "description": "PNE 162 - Nursing in Health Changes II (Spring Only) PNE 162 - Nursing in Health Changes II (Spring Only) 11 cr. Continues the focus on nursing situations and procedures necessary to assist individuals in meeting special needs related to human functions.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENG111",
      "BIO145",
      "BIO141",
      "BIO142",
      "PNE161",
      "PNE174",
      "PSY230"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15539",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne162",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne162.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000429",
    "code": "PNE164",
    "title": "Nursing in Health Changes IV (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 10,
    "hours": 18,
    "description": "PNE 164 - Nursing in Health Changes IV (Summer Only) PNE 164 - Nursing in Health Changes IV (Summer Only) 10 cr. Continues the focus on nursing situations and procedures necessary to assist individuals in meeting special needs related to human functions.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PNE162"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15540",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne164.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000430",
    "code": "PNE174",
    "title": "Applied Pharmacology for Practical Nurses (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "PNE 174 - Applied Pharmacology for Practical Nurses (Fall Only) PNE 174 - Applied Pharmacology for Practical Nurses (Fall Only) 2 cr. Applies problem-solving skills in preparing and administering medications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15541",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne174",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne174.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000431",
    "code": "PNE175",
    "title": "Introduction to Supervision & Management for Practical Nurses (Summer Only)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 15,
    "description": "PNE 175 - Introduction to Supervision & Management for Practical Nurses (Summer Only) PNE 175 - Introduction to Supervision & Management for Practical Nurses (Summer Only) 1 cr. Presents principles of leadership and management theory to assist the practical nurse graduate in assuming leadership roles within their scope of practice. Provides an interactive format to enhance the learning concepts such as group dynamics, effective communication, organization, prioritization, and delegation. Emphasizes skills necessary for first-line management.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PNE162"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000533"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15542",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pne175.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000432",
    "code": "PSY200",
    "title": "Principles of Psychology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PSY 200 - Principles of Psychology (Fall Spring Summer) PSY 200 - Principles of Psychology (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Surveys the basic concepts of psychology. Covers the scientific study of behavior and mental processes, research methods, biological bases of behavior, sensation and perception, developmental psychology, learning, memory, thinking, intelligence, personality, social psychology, and psychological disorders and treatment. The assignments in the course require college-level reading fluency and coherent communication through written reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000506",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15544",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy200",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy200.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000433",
    "code": "PSY215",
    "title": "Psychopathology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PSY 215 - Psychopathology (Fall Spring Summer) PSY 215 - Psychopathology (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Explores historical views and current perspectives of psychopathology. Emphasizes major diagnostic categories and criteria, individual and social factors of maladaptive behavior, and types of treatments. Includes methods of clinical assessment and research strategies.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSY200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15545",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy215",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000434",
    "code": "PSY216",
    "title": "Social Psychology (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PSY 216 - Social Psychology (Check Availability) PSY 216 - Social Psychology (Check Availability) 3 cr. Examines individuals in social contexts, their social roles, group processes and intergroup relations. Acquaints students with a scientific understanding of how the presence of other people, interactions with other people, and other situational factors influence human thoughts and behaviors. The assignments in this course require college-level reading, analysis of scholarly studies, and coherent communication through written reports (including the production of at least one APA-formatted individual writing assignment).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSY200"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15658",
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    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy216.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000435",
    "code": "PSY230",
    "title": "Developmental Psychology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PSY 230 - Developmental Psychology (Fall Spring Summer) PSY 230 - Developmental Psychology (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Traces development in context from pre-conception to death, including the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains. Examines methods of scientific inquiry as they apply to lifespan development. Addresses the interrelatedness of developmental domains, as well as the interdependent influences of environment and biology.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000498",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000517",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15546",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy230",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/psy230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000436",
    "code": "PTH105",
    "title": "Introduction to Physical Therapist Assisting (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "PTH 105 - Introduction to Physical Therapist Assisting (Fall Only) PTH 105 - Introduction to Physical Therapist Assisting (Fall Only) 2 cr. Introduces the physical therapist assistant student to the field of physical therapy practice and develops basic patient care skills for application in the initial physical therapy clinical experience. This course is designed to prepare the student to administer basic patient care skills, directed by an instructor, which consistently demonstrate safety and compliance with the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) Standards of Practice and Code of Ethical Conduct for the Physical Therapist Assistant. Additionally, the course prepares the student to identify him/herself appropriately in the role of physical therapist assistant and guides the student in effective relationships with all members of the healthcare team.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15590",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth105",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth105.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000437",
    "code": "PTH115",
    "title": "Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PTH 115 - Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant (Spring Only) PTH 115 - Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant (Spring Only) 4 cr. Focuses on the relationship of specific joint structure and function, the role of individual muscles and groups of muscles and neurologic principles in both normal and pathological movement. The course includes a review of basic physics and biomechanical principles applied to human movement. Includes specific posture and gait analysis. This course is designed to develop the student’s understanding of basic physics principles which govern dynamic systems, and to provide detailed information regarding joint structure and function, individual muscles and muscle function, enabling the student to interpret human movement and appraise performance as normal or dysfunctional. Patient examination methods such as goniometry, manual muscle testing and selected special tests are included. Selected orthopedic and neuromuscular pathologies are introduced.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH105",
      "PTH121",
      "PTH151"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15593",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth115",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth115.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000438",
    "code": "PTH121",
    "title": "Therapeutic Procedures I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "PTH 121 - Therapeutic Procedures I (Fall Only) PTH 121 - Therapeutic Procedures I (Fall Only) 5 cr. Prepares the student to properly and safely administer basic physical therapy procedures utilized by physical therapist assistants. The procedures include therapeutic modalities. Procedures may include therapeutic exercise, electrotherapy and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Part I of II. This course prepares the student to apply physical agents, therapeutic modalities, and therapeutic soft tissue mobilization techniques. Selected cardiopulmonary pathologies are introduced as well as Universal Precautions/Isolation techniques. In addition, the course will provide the student with the background to determine applicability of the stated procedures and the skills to determine response to treatment. Proper documentation and communication of the treatment application and patient response is included.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15591",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth121",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000439",
    "code": "PTH122",
    "title": "Therapeutic Procedures II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "PTH 122 - Therapeutic Procedures II (Spring Only) PTH 122 - Therapeutic Procedures II (Spring Only) 5 cr. Prepares the student to properly and safely administer basic physical therapy procedures utilized by physical therapist assistants. The procedures include therapeutic modalities. Procedures may include therapeutic exercise, electrotherapy and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Part II of II. This course prepares the student to apply therapeutic exercise, electrotherapy modalities and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation techniques. In addition, the course will provide the student with the knowledge needed to determine the applicability of stated procedures: safety of providing an intervention, indication of the procedures and the ability to determine response/success of the treatment(s) administered. Therapeutic exercise program design/progression and proper documentation and communication of the treatment application and patient",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH105",
      "PTH121",
      "PTH151"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15594",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth122",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000440",
    "code": "PTH131",
    "title": "Clinical Education I (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "PTH 131 - Clinical Education I (Spring Only) PTH 131 - Clinical Education I (Spring Only) 2 cr. Provides supervised instruction in the delivery of physical therapy in one of various clinical settings. Emphasizes the practice of all therapeutic skills learned in the first year, including direct patient care skills and all forms of communication. Clinical Education I is the first of three comprehensive clinical education experiences in the physical therapy setting. The purpose of the initial experience is to apply, integrate, and perform learned clinical skills on patients under the supervision of a licensed physical therapist (PT) and/or physical therapist assistant (PTA). Basic patient care skills, anatomy/biomechanics, therapeutic exercise, and selected assessment techniques are included. Selected pathological and disease conditions will be emphasized. Practice settings may include acute care hospitals, private practice, skilled nursing centers, and out-patient rehabilitation centers. Knowledge, skills and attitudes learned during the didactic courses will be applied to direct patient/client care. This course integrates the practice of all first year PTA coursework with the objective of students providing quality care for uncomplicated patients with a high degree of supervision and guidance.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH105",
      "PTH121",
      "PTH151"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15596",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth131",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth131.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000441",
    "code": "PTH151",
    "title": "Musculoskeletal Structure and Function (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "PTH 151 - Musculoskeletal Structure and Function (Fall Only) PTH 151 - Musculoskeletal Structure and Function (Fall Only) 5 cr. In-depth study of the human musculoskeletal system. Covers terms of position and movement, location and identification of specific bony landmarks, joint structure and design, ligaments, muscle origin, action and innervation, and types of contraction. This course will prepare the student for the principles of kinesiology and ultimately for physical therapy treatment for musculoskeletal conditions. The ability to identify and examine the musculoskeletal anatomy is the foundation for understanding both normal and abnormal movement. This course provides the foundation for more complex analysis of functional human mobility.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15592",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth151",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth151.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000442",
    "code": "PTH210",
    "title": "Psychological Aspects of Therapy (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "PTH 210 - Psychological Aspects of Therapy (Fall Only) PTH 210 - Psychological Aspects of Therapy (Fall Only) 2 cr. Focuses on the psychological reactions and sociological impact of illness and injury in clients and their families, and among health care givers who work with them. Examines individual self-identity and the nature of changing client/therapist relationships across the life span. This course is designed to the student identify and interpret personal values, multicultural factors, developmental characteristics associated with age, physical and psychosocial experiences, gender relationships and the influence of acute, chronic and terminal illness which affect the client’s clinical outcome. Emphasis is placed on discrimination of important factors, internalizing knowledge of personal values/biases and the development of effective treatment relationships. Skills are applied to the interactions between the student physical therapist assistant (SPTA) and clients, caregivers, supervisors and coworkers. This course will also address stress management, conflict resolution and reduction of negativity as a means of assisting the student in maintaining a healthy therapeutic relationship with clients, caregivers and healthcare professionals.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH115",
      "PTH122",
      "PTH131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15598",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth210",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000443",
    "code": "PTH225",
    "title": "Rehabilitation Procedures (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "PTH 225 - Rehabilitation Procedures (Fall Only) PTH 225 - Rehabilitation Procedures (Fall Only) 5 cr. Focuses on treatment techniques typical of long term rehabilitation, e.g., the rehabilitation of congenital, neurological and disfigurement associated with chronic injury and disease. This course will prepare the student for clinical application of therapeutic exercise for the patient with long term rehabilitation needs, with specific focus on neurological pathologies and the recovery process. Lifespan development and concerns related to pediatric and geriatric patient populations are covered, including cognition and motivational principles for each. Laboratory practice will provide hands-on experience with a wide variety of interventions including specialized treatment such as neuromuscular facilitation techniques and balance interventions.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH110",
      "PTH115",
      "PTH122",
      "PTH131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15597",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth225",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000444",
    "code": "PTH226",
    "title": "Therapeutic Exercise (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 6,
    "description": "PTH 226 - Therapeutic Exercise (Spring Only) PTH 226 - Therapeutic Exercise (Spring Only) 4 cr. Emphasizes the basic principles underlying different approaches to exercise including rationale for treatment and may include neurological treatments such as simple facilitation and inhibitory techniques and the teaching of home programs. This course will prepare the student for clinical application of therapeutic exercise to a diverse patient population. This course will focus on various pathologies including acute and chronic musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary, and endocrine and other systemic diseases, and the progression of exercises and related treatments for each. Modifications required for different clinical settings across the care continuum are discussed, with primary focus on inpatient, rehab, skilled nursing and home health care. Tests and measures to collect data, determine appropriate treatment progression, and document progress measurably are addressed.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH210",
      "PTH225",
      "PTH251"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15600",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth226",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth226.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000445",
    "code": "PTH227",
    "title": "Pathological Conditions (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "PTH 227 - Pathological Conditions (Spring Only) PTH 227 - Pathological Conditions (Spring Only) 2 cr. Presents specific pathologic conditions commonly seen in physical therapy. Emphasizes musculoskeletal and neurological system conditions, and all major body systems are represented.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15601",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth227",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth227.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000446",
    "code": "PTH251",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "PTH 251 - Clinical Practicum I (Fall Only) PTH 251 - Clinical Practicum I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides instruction in local health care facilities in the actual administration of physical therapy treatments under the supervision of licensed physical therapists. Provides experience in a variety of clinical settings. Part I of II. Clinical Practicum I is the second of three comprehensive clinical experiences in the physical therapy setting. The purpose of this intermediate experience is to apply, integrate and perform learned clinical skills on patients under the supervision of a licensed physical therapist (PT) and/or physical therapist assistant (PTA). The emphasis of this experience is on integrating previously learned PTA skills, therapeutic modalities, advanced therapeutic techniques, and neurophysiological techniques into an established physical therapy program. Typical practice settings may include acute care hospitals, private practice, home health, sports centers, developmental centers, skilled nursing centers, geriatrics, pediatrics, inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation centers and VA hospitals. The objective of this clinical education experience is for students to provide quality care for uncomplicated to complex patients with a degree of supervision and guidance that will vary with the complexity of the patient or the environment.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH115",
      "PTH122",
      "PTH131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15599",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth251",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth251.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000447",
    "code": "PTH252",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "PTH 252 - Clinical Practicum II (Spring Only) PTH 252 - Clinical Practicum II (Spring Only) 4 cr. Provides instruction in local health care facilities in the actual administration of physical therapy treatments under the supervision of licensed physical therapists. Provides experience in a variety of clinical settings. Part II of II. Clinical Practicum II is the third of three comprehensive clinical experiences in a physical therapy setting. The purpose of this final experience is to apply, integrate, and perform learned clinical skills on patients under the supervision of a licensed physical therapist (PT) and/or physical therapist assistant (PTA). The emphasis is to integrate previously learned and practiced PTA skills, special topics, and clinical management and healthcare issues into the delivery of a comprehensive physical therapy treatment program. Practice settings may include acute care hospitals, private practice, sports centers, developmental centers, skilled nursing centers, geriatrics, pediatrics, inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation centers and VA hospitals. The overall",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PTH210",
      "PTH225",
      "PTH251"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000510"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15603",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth252",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/pth252.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000448",
    "code": "PTH255",
    "title": "Seminar in Physical Therapy (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "PTH 255 - Seminar in Physical Therapy (Spring Only) PTH 255 - Seminar in Physical Therapy (Spring Only) 2 cr. Includes preparation for licensing examination, specialized lectures, and preparation of a student project. This course is designed to provide a summary of all coursework and clinical education experiences to date. Student preparation for transition into the workforce as an entry-level PTA will be conducted in a seminar format. Seminar topics are structured to prepare the student to enter the practice of physical therapy, e.g., resume preparation, interview skills, performance evaluations, administrative responsibilities associated with employment, licensure examination preparation, etc. Selected clinic topics that are new in the practice environment are also included.",
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      "PTH210",
      "PTH225",
      "PTH251"
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      "laurelridge-000510"
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    "code": "REL100",
    "title": "Introduction to the Study of Religion (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "REL 100 - Introduction to the Study of Religion (Fall Spring Summer) REL 100 - Introduction to the Study of Religion (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Explores the idea of religion (as a general category), how to study religion in an academic context, and common elements across most religions such as beliefs, practices, values, community, spiritual experience, symbolism, and narrative.",
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      "laurelridge-000495",
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      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
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      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/rel100",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000450",
    "code": "REL230",
    "title": "Religions of the World (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "REL 230 - Religions of the World (Check Availability) REL 230 - Religions of the World (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the major religions of the world: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism. Focuses on origins, history, basic beliefs, values, ethics, and practices.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000495",
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
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      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000515",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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    "code": "SAF126",
    "title": "Principles of Industrial Safety (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SAF 126 - Principles of Industrial Safety (Fall Spring) SAF 126 - Principles of Industrial Safety (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Teaches principles and practices of accident prevention, analysis of accident causes, mechanical safeguards, fire prevention, housekeeping, occupational diseases, first aid, safety organization, protection equipment and general safety principles and promotion.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000537",
      "laurelridge-000554"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15695",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/saf126",
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    "code": "SAF130",
    "title": "Industrial Safety - OSHA 10 (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SAF 130 - Industrial Safety - OSHA 10 (Fall Spring) SAF 130 - Industrial Safety - OSHA 10 (Fall Spring) 1 cr. Presents an introduction to occupational health and safety and its application in the workplace. Emphasizes safety standards and the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), its rules and regulations (OSHA 10).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000550",
      "laurelridge-000557"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15624",
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    "code": "SDV100",
    "title": "College Success Skills (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SDV 100 - College Success Skills (Fall Spring Summer) SDV 100 - College Success Skills (Fall Spring Summer) 1 cr. Assists students in transition to college. Provides overviews of college policies, procedures, and curricular offerings. Encourages contacts with other students and staff. Assists students toward college success through information regarding effective study habits, career and academic planning and other college resources available to students.",
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      "laurelridge-000527",
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      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000546",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000549",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000554",
      "laurelridge-000555"
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    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation for International and Adult Immigrant Students",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation for International and Adult Immigrant Students SDV 101 - Orientation for International and Adult Immigrant Students 3 cr. Introduces international students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resource center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
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      "laurelridge-000531",
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      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15578",
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    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation to Education Professions (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation to Education Professions (Check Availability) SDV 101 - Orientation to Education Professions (Check Availability) 1 cr. Introduces students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resources center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills; and topical areas which are applicable to their particular discipline.",
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      "laurelridge-000496",
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      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000516",
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      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000533",
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      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15574",
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    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation to Health Information Management (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation to Health Information Management (Fall Spring) SDV 101 - Orientation to Health Information Management (Fall Spring) 1 cr. Introduces students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resources center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills; and topical areas which are applicable to their particular discipline.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15575",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000457",
    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation to Health Professions",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation to Health Professions SDV 101 - Orientation to Health Professions 1 cr. Introduces students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resources center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills; and topical areas which are applicable to their particular discipline.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15576",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000458",
    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation to Health Professions (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation to Health Professions (Fall Spring) SDV 101 - Orientation to Health Professions (Fall Spring) 2 cr. Introduces students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resources center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills; and topical areas which are applicable to their particular discipline.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15577",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000459",
    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation to IT Professions (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation to IT Professions (Fall Spring Summer) SDV 101 - Orientation to IT Professions (Fall Spring Summer) 1 cr. Introduces students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resources center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills; and topical areas which are applicable to their particular discipline.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15579",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000460",
    "code": "SDV101",
    "title": "Orientation to the Trades (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "SDV 101 - Orientation to the Trades (Fall Spring) SDV 101 - Orientation to the Trades (Fall Spring) 1 cr. Introduces students to the skills which are necessary to achieve their academic goals, to services at the college and to the discipline in which they are enrolled. Covers topics such as services at the college including the learning resources center, counseling and advising, listening, test taking, and study skills; and topical areas which are applicable to their particular discipline.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000497",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000531",
      "laurelridge-000533",
      "laurelridge-000541",
      "laurelridge-000544",
      "laurelridge-000548",
      "laurelridge-000551",
      "laurelridge-000558",
      "laurelridge-000560"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15580",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/sdv101.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000461",
    "code": "SOC200",
    "title": "Introduction to Sociology (Fall Spring Summer)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SOC 200 - Introduction to Sociology (Fall Spring Summer) SOC 200 - Introduction to Sociology (Fall Spring Summer) 3 cr. Introduces the fundamental concepts and principles of sociology with attention to sociological theory, research methods, and the impact of social inequality. Examines a variety of topics such as culture, race, social class, gender, major social institutions and their role in contemporary society, and the processes of social change.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000507",
      "laurelridge-000508",
      "laurelridge-000510",
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000520",
      "laurelridge-000521",
      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000529",
      "laurelridge-000534",
      "laurelridge-000553",
      "laurelridge-000555"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15563",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/soc200",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000462",
    "code": "SOC215",
    "title": "Sociology of the Family (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SOC 215 - Sociology of the Family (Check Availability) SOC 215 - Sociology of the Family (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces tools to study family life through the sociological lens. Explores a variety of topics including various familial forms, divorce, and domestic violence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15564",
    "canonical_url": "/laurelridge/courses/soc215",
    "markdown_url": "/laurelridge/courses/soc215.md"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000463",
    "code": "SOC225",
    "title": "Sociology of Gender (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SOC 225 - Sociology of Gender (Check Availability) SOC 225 - Sociology of Gender (Check Availability) 3 cr. Analyzes influence of major social institutions and socialization in shaping and changing sex roles in contemporary society. Examines differential access to positions of public power and authority for men and women.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15565",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000464",
    "code": "SOC266",
    "title": "Race and Ethnicity (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SOC 266 - Race and Ethnicity (Fall Spring) SOC 266 - Race and Ethnicity (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Considers race and ethnicity as social constructs that deeply affect our personal experience and our social institutions. Examines the relationships of racial and ethnic groups with each other and with larger society including ideas of racial inequality both individually and systemically. Introduces significant theoretical approaches to the study of race and ethnicity.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511",
      "laurelridge-000519",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000465",
    "code": "SOC268",
    "title": "Social Problems (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SOC 268 - Social Problems (Fall Spring) SOC 268 - Social Problems (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces the fundamental concepts underlying social problems construction with attention to how these problems are defined, understood and arbitrated. Examines a variety of topics such as researching social problems and policymaking.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000496",
      "laurelridge-000499",
      "laurelridge-000500",
      "laurelridge-000501",
      "laurelridge-000502",
      "laurelridge-000503",
      "laurelridge-000504",
      "laurelridge-000512",
      "laurelridge-000513",
      "laurelridge-000514",
      "laurelridge-000516",
      "laurelridge-000518",
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      "laurelridge-000522",
      "laurelridge-000523",
      "laurelridge-000524",
      "laurelridge-000525",
      "laurelridge-000526",
      "laurelridge-000527",
      "laurelridge-000528",
      "laurelridge-000534"
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000466",
    "code": "SPA101",
    "title": "Beginning Spanish I (Fall Summer)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "SPA 101 - Beginning Spanish I (Fall Summer) SPA 101 - Beginning Spanish I (Fall Summer) 4 cr. Introduces cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and emphasizes basic sentence structure. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15568",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000467",
    "code": "SPA102",
    "title": "Beginning Spanish II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 4,
    "description": "SPA 102 - Beginning Spanish II (Spring Only) SPA 102 - Beginning Spanish II (Spring Only) 4 cr. Introduces cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills and emphasizes basic sentence structure. Part II of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPA101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000499"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15569",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000468",
    "code": "SPA201",
    "title": "Intermediate Spanish I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SPA 201 - Intermediate Spanish I (Check Availability) SPA 201 - Intermediate Spanish I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and introduces complex sentence structures. Classes may be conducted in target language. Part I of II.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPA102"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "SPA202",
    "title": "Intermediate Spanish II (Check Availability)",
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    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SPA 202 - Intermediate Spanish II (Check Availability) SPA 202 - Intermediate Spanish II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Continues to develop cultural awareness, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and emphasizes complex sentence structures. Classes may be conducted in the target language. Part II of II.",
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    "code": "SPA233",
    "title": "Introduction to Spanish Civilization & Literature I (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SPA 233 - Introduction to Spanish Civilization & Literature I (Check Availability) SPA 233 - Introduction to Spanish Civilization & Literature I (Check Availability) 3 cr. Introduces the student to Spanish culture and literature. Readings and discussions conducted in Spanish. Part I of II.",
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    "code": "SUR100",
    "title": "Introduction to Surgical Technology (Fall Spring Summer)",
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    "hours": 2,
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    "code": "SUR135",
    "title": "Infection Control (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
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    "code": "SUR140",
    "title": "Surgical Care I (Fall Only)",
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    "hours": 3,
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    "prerequisites": [],
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    "code": "SUR145",
    "title": "Surgical Care Skills I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "SUR 145 - Surgical Care Skills I (Fall Only) SUR 145 - Surgical Care Skills I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces students to the surgical process, including aspects of the operating room environment. Provides students with the opportunity to practice preparation, transportation, and positioning of the patient for surgery. Practice of hand hygiene, the surgical hand scrub, opening of sterile supplies, donning and doffing operating room attire and personal protective equipment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15583",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000475",
    "code": "SUR150",
    "title": "Surgical Instrumentation (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "SUR 150 - Surgical Instrumentation (Fall Only) SUR 150 - Surgical Instrumentation (Fall Only) 2 cr. Introduces surgical instrumentation, supplies, and equipment used in the operating room for surgical procedures. Includes identification of instruments based on use, type, function, and design. Emphasizes use of surgical instruments to perform safely and effectively in the operating room environment.",
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "SUR210",
    "title": "Surgical Procedures (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SUR 210 - Surgical Procedures (Fall Spring) SUR 210 - Surgical Procedures (Fall Spring) 3 cr. Introduces surgical procedures and the role of the surgical technologist. Introduces procedures for surgical specialties such as General, Gynecological, Obstetrics, Genitourinary, EENT (Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat), Orthopedic, Neurosurgery, Cardiac, Vascular, Pediatric, Plastic, Transplant, and Trauma surgery.",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "SUR245"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "code": "SUR240",
    "title": "Surgical Care II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SUR 240 - Surgical Care II (Spring Only) SUR 240 - Surgical Care II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Builds on Surgical Care I by introducing anesthetics, wound healing, incisions, and suturing techniques. Presents principles of wound healing including types, stages, and complications. Provides foundational knowledge in the preparation and care of surgical supplies and equipment. Reviews responsibilities related to the surgical technologies in the scrub and circulating roles.",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "SUR145",
      "BIO142"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "code": "SUR245",
    "title": "Surgical Care Skills II (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 9,
    "description": "SUR 245 - Surgical Care Skills II (Spring Only) SUR 245 - Surgical Care Skills II (Spring Only) 3 cr. Builds upon essential skills to perform safely and competently in the operating room environment. Emphasizes active learning and critical thinking in the lab setting. Uses simulations to introduce skills in setting up a back table, mayo stand and passing instruments. Focuses on anticipating the needs of the surgeon and team members. Covers demonstration of counting procedures to prevent retained items and maintaining the sterile field to prevent contamination.",
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      "SUR145",
      "BIO142"
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      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15632",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000479",
    "code": "SUR250",
    "title": "Surgical Pharmacology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "SUR 250 - Surgical Pharmacology (Spring Only) SUR 250 - Surgical Pharmacology (Spring Only) 2 cr. Introduces pharmacology as it relates to surgical intervention in the operating room. Includes medication calculations, measurements, administration, terminology and handling, and a review of certain drug classifications as they relate to surgical patients.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "code": "SUR254",
    "title": "Professional Issues in Surgical Technology (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "SUR 254 - Professional Issues in Surgical Technology (Spring Only) SUR 254 - Professional Issues in Surgical Technology (Spring Only) 2 cr. Provides job seeking skills and an overview of theoretical knowledge in preparation for national certification. Includes test taking strategies, career options, resume preparation, interviewing techniques, professional credentialing, and organizations and professionalism as it relates to surgical technology.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15633",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000481",
    "code": "SUR260",
    "title": "Surgical Technology Clinical Practicum (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 8,
    "hours": 24,
    "description": "SUR 260 - Surgical Technology Clinical Practicum (Fall Only) SUR 260 - Surgical Technology Clinical Practicum (Fall Only) 8 cr. Provides continued study and extensive clinical experience in all surgical specialties. Emphasis is on clinical practice thereby further enhancing theoretical and practical knowledge of select procedures, surgical instrumentation, supplies and equipment. The scrub and circulating roles of the surgical technologist including aseptic technique and case preparation for select surgical procedures continue to be emphasized.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SUR135",
      "SUR150",
      "SUR240",
      "SUR245"
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    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15586",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000482",
    "code": "SUR296",
    "title": "On-Site Training (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 5,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "SUR 296 - On-Site Training (Spring Only) SUR 296 - On-Site Training (Spring Only) 5 cr. Specializes in career orientation and training program without pay in select business and industry. Supervised and coordinated by the college. Credit/work ratio not to exceed 1:5 hours.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15587",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000483",
    "code": "SUR298",
    "title": "Seminar and Project (Spring Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "SUR 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) SUR 298 - Seminar and Project (Spring Only) 3 cr. Requires completion of a project or research report related to the student’s occupational",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000511"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15634",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000484",
    "code": "UMS107",
    "title": "Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) Remote Pilot Ground School (Fall Spring)",
    "credits": 2,
    "hours": 2,
    "description": "UMS 107 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) Remote Pilot Ground School (Fall Spring) UMS 107 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) Remote Pilot Ground School (Fall Spring) 2 cr. Presents the aeronautical knowledge required for FAA approved commercial operations as a Remote Pilot with small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) rating. Covers the regulations applicable to small UAS operations, loading and performance, emergency procedures, crew resource management, determining the performance of the small unmanned aircraft, and maintenance/inspection procedures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000557"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15685",
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    "id": "laurelridge-000485",
    "code": "UMS111",
    "title": "Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) I (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "UMS 111 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) I (Fall Only) UMS 111 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) I (Fall Only) 3 cr. Introduces students to the history of small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS), surveys current platforms, applications, components, and sensors. Covers the theory of flight, operations, manual flight, maintenance, and required record keeping. Introduces mission planning, crew management, and autonomous control. Emphasizes the ethical, legal, and safe use of sUAS.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000557"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15686",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000486",
    "code": "UMS177",
    "title": "Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) Components and Maintenance (Fall Only)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "UMS 177 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) Components and Maintenance (Fall Only) UMS 177 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) Components and Maintenance (Fall Only) 3 cr. Provides an introduction to the basic equipment and techniques used in maintaining, repairing, and upgrading sUAS to assure airworthiness and proper operation of the other components. Emphasizes safe practices in repair and handling of components and develops fundamental skills in troubleshooting/repair of the circuits, subsystems and components typically found in the complete sUAS. Covers payload sensor mounting, power management and security threat management.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "laurelridge-000557"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15687",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000487",
    "code": "UMS195",
    "title": "Topics In (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "UMS 195 - Topics In (Check Availability) UMS 195 - Topics In (Check Availability) 1 cr. Provides an opportunity to explore topical areas of interest to or needed by students. May be used also for special honors courses. May be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15788",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000488",
    "code": "UMS211",
    "title": "Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) II (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "UMS 211 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) II (Check Availability) UMS 211 - Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) II (Check Availability) 3 cr. Focuses on advanced Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) mission planning and operation of small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS). Covers mission planning, operations, communications, autonomous flights, ground control station operations, crew management, emergency procedures, safety/air vehicle pilot checklist procedures, sensor selection, data collection and analysis. Examines advanced coverage of maintenance, operations support, and introduces geospatial product workflow. Emphasizes the ethical, legal, and safe use of sUAS.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "UMS111"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15690",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000489",
    "code": "UMS290",
    "title": "Coordinated Internship (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "UMS 290 - Coordinated Internship (Check Availability) UMS 290 - Coordinated Internship (Check Availability) 3 cr. Supervises on-the-job training in selected business, industrial or service firms coordinated by the college. Credit/practice ratio not to exceed 1:5 hours. May be repeated for credit. Variable hours. Total",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15691",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000490",
    "code": "UMS295",
    "title": "Topics In (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 1,
    "hours": 1,
    "description": "UMS 295 - Topics In (Check Availability) UMS 295 - Topics In (Check Availability) 1 cr. Provides an opportunity to explore topical areas of interest to or needed by students. May also be used for special honors courses. May be repeated for credit.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15789",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000491",
    "code": "UMS296",
    "title": "On-Site Training (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "UMS 296 - On-Site Training (Check Availability) UMS 296 - On-Site Training (Check Availability) 3 cr. Specializes in career orientation and training program without pay in selected businesses and industry, supervised and coordinated by the college. Credit/work ratio not to exceed 1:5 hours. May be repeated for credit. Variable hours. Total",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15692",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000492",
    "code": "WEL120",
    "title": "Introduction to Welding (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 3,
    "hours": 3,
    "description": "WEL 120 - Introduction to Welding (Check Availability) WEL 120 - Introduction to Welding (Check Availability) 2-3 cr. Introduces history of welding processes. Covers types of equipment and assembly of units. Stresses welding procedures such as fusion, non-fusion and cutting oxyacetylene. Introduces arc welding. Emphasizes procedures in the use of tools and equipment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15588",
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  {
    "id": "laurelridge-000493",
    "code": "WEL130",
    "title": "Inert Gas Welding (Check Availability)",
    "credits": 4,
    "hours": 5,
    "description": "WEL 130 - Inert Gas Welding (Check Availability) WEL 130 - Inert Gas Welding (Check Availability) 3-4 cr. Introduces practical operations in the uses of inert-gas, shield arc welding. Discusses equipment, safety operations, welding practice in the various positions, process applications and manual and semi-automatic welding.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.laurelridge.edu/preview_course_nopop.php?catoid=25&coid=15589",
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